{"attribution":"Justin Martyr; translated by Marcus Dods; T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1870. Historical transcription supplied by Wikisource contributors.","author":"Justin Martyr","date_end":157,"date_evidence_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0014524608097821","date_label":"c. 153–157 AD (date debated)","date_start":153,"edition_permalink":"https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Ante-Nicene_Christian_Library/The_First_Apology_of_Justin_Martyr&oldid=13922358","edition_year":1870,"id":"justin-ancl1870-reviewed-54","license":"Public domain historical English translation (Marcus Dods, died 1909)","license_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Reusing_Wikisource_content","provenance_note":"Existing English translation by Marcus Dods, identified in the original editors’ note. This particular scan prints MDCCCLXX (1870) on both title leaves despite an index date of 1867. Original work and translation have separate public-domain notices. Ordinary UK/EU life-plus-70 terms have expired for Dods (1909); no claim of independently checked worldwide law. Canonical verse links are checked against the quoted words, including Septuagint numbering and misprinted editorial references; the historical wording is retained, including blended Gospel quotations and original variants. No newly translated or generated commentary. This is an independent ANCL scan, not a grant of CCEL redistribution rights.","references":[{"book":"EZK","chapter":37,"kind":"exposition","verse":7},{"book":"EZK","chapter":37,"kind":"exposition","verse":8},{"book":"ISA","chapter":45,"kind":"exposition","verse":23},{"book":"ISA","chapter":66,"kind":"exposition","verse":24},{"book":"ISA","chapter":43,"kind":"citation","verse":6},{"book":"ZEC","chapter":12,"kind":"exposition","verse":10},{"book":"ZEC","chapter":12,"kind":"exposition","verse":11},{"book":"ZEC","chapter":12,"kind":"exposition","verse":12},{"book":"JOL","chapter":2,"kind":"citation","verse":13},{"book":"ISA","chapter":63,"kind":"citation","verse":17},{"book":"ISA","chapter":64,"kind":"citation","verse":11}],"section":"Chapter 52","source_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Ante-Nicene_Christian_Library/The_First_Apology_of_Justin_Martyr&oldid=13922358","text_changes":"Whitespace normalized; source pagination and footnote reference markers removed. English wording unchanged.","translator":"Marcus Dods","verification":{"method":"inspected source paragraph and verse context; SHA-256 locked","paragraph_indices":[54],"raw_source":"raw/fathers/justin-first-apology-ancl1870.html","reference_basis":"EZK 37:7-8 (exposition): The joint/bone/flesh quotation is applied to bodily resurrection. ISA 45:23 (exposition): The universal knee/tongue clause is a separate Isaiah ingredient, not Ezekiel. Note103 prints45:24, but the actual wording is45:23. ISA 66:24 (exposition): The worm/fire quotation is expressly applied to the future punishment of the wicked. ISA 43:6 (citation): The north-bring/south-not-withhold ingredient has this precise Isaiah locator despite the composite’s Zechariah heading. Four-winds paraphrase is not given an invented unique locator. ZEC 12:10-12 (exposition): The pierced-one/Jerusalem-lament/family-by-family clauses are interpreted as Israel’s response to Christ’s glorious return. Named families in12:13-14 are not quoted and are not automatically added. JOL 2:13 (citation): The hearts-not-garments ingredient is Joel2:13 within the same composite; it is not a Zechariah verse. ISA 63:17 (citation): A distinct Isaiah ingredient in the composite future-lament quotation. ISA 64:11 (citation): The fathers/holy glory becoming shame ingredient corresponds to the sanctuary clause already quoted in chapter47, and is located by note105. Historic wording is retained. Owner checked complete original paragraphs and canonical verse contents. Immediate explanatory continuations are combined with their source quotation; original wording and source variants retained.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-10","source_sha256":"ad1d90055eaa54422c5cbd02ab0ec74a5253c49f5389b846802de36fbfa3416e","text_sha256":"2d5d4dfc812598a71e1943c5e9553de4b7f2efd9dd61cce50f36aaec3e74575c"},"verified":true,"work":"The First Apology","work_id":"justin-first-apology"}