{"attribution":"Justin Martyr; translated by Marcus Dods; T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1870. Historical transcription supplied by Wikisource contributors.","author":"Justin Martyr","date_end":157,"date_evidence_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0014524608097821","date_label":"c. 153–157 AD (date debated)","date_start":153,"edition_permalink":"https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Ante-Nicene_Christian_Library/The_First_Apology_of_Justin_Martyr&oldid=13922358","edition_year":1870,"id":"justin-ancl1870-reviewed-62","license":"Public domain historical English translation (Marcus Dods, died 1909)","license_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Reusing_Wikisource_content","provenance_note":"Existing English translation by Marcus Dods, identified in the original editors’ note. This particular scan prints MDCCCLXX (1870) on both title leaves despite an index date of 1867. Original work and translation have separate public-domain notices. Ordinary UK/EU life-plus-70 terms have expired for Dods (1909); no claim of independently checked worldwide law. Canonical verse links are checked against the quoted words, including Septuagint numbering and misprinted editorial references; the historical wording is retained, including blended Gospel quotations and original variants. No newly translated or generated commentary. This is an independent ANCL scan, not a grant of CCEL redistribution rights.","references":[{"book":"NUM","chapter":21,"kind":"exposition","verse":6},{"book":"NUM","chapter":21,"kind":"exposition","verse":8},{"book":"NUM","chapter":21,"kind":"exposition","verse":9},{"book":"GEN","chapter":1,"kind":"exposition","verse":2},{"book":"DEU","chapter":32,"kind":"exposition","verse":22}],"section":"Chapter 60","source_url":"https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Ante-Nicene_Christian_Library/The_First_Apology_of_Justin_Martyr&oldid=13922358","text_changes":"Whitespace normalized; source pagination and footnote reference markers removed. English wording unchanged.","translator":"Marcus Dods","verification":{"method":"inspected source paragraph and verse context; SHA-256 locked","paragraph_indices":[62],"raw_source":"raw/fathers/justin-first-apology-ancl1870.html","reference_basis":"NUM 21:6,8-9 (exposition): The wilderness serpents and brazen figure are interpreted as a cross and the source of Plato’s crosswise language. Justin’s cross/tabernacle details differ from the canonical narrative and are retained as his interpretation, not corrections of Numbers. GEN 1:2 (exposition): The moved-over-waters clause is explicitly explained in relation to Plato’s third principle. DEU 32:22 (exposition): The consuming-to-the-depths fire quotation is explicitly applied to the final conflagration. Owner checked complete original paragraphs and canonical verse contents. Immediate explanatory continuations are combined with their source quotation; original wording and source variants retained.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-10","source_sha256":"ad1d90055eaa54422c5cbd02ab0ec74a5253c49f5389b846802de36fbfa3416e","text_sha256":"426d57eb86607fb30091f3c7cc7cf192fd327ed4b72f56f8c584ab14a4743173"},"verified":true,"work":"The First Apology","work_id":"justin-first-apology"}