{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p class=\"drop-cap p-left\">Everything that is contrary to right reason is sin. Accordingly,\r\ntherefore, the philosophers think fit to define the most generic\r\npassions thus: lust, as desire disobedient to reason; fear, as\r\nweakness disobedient to reason; pleasure, as an elation of the spirit\r\ndisobedient to reason. If, then, disobedience in reference to reason is\r\nthe generating cause of sin, how shall we escape the conclusion, that\r\nobedience to reason—the Word—which we call faith, will of necessity\r\nbe the efficacious cause of duty? For virtue itself is a state of the\r\nsoul rendered harmonious by reason in respect to the whole life. Nay,\r\nto crown all, philosophy itself is pronounced to be the cultivation\r\nof right reason; so that, necessarily, whatever is done through error\r\nof reason is transgression, and is rightly called (ἁμάρτημα) sin.\r\nSince, then, the first man sinned and disobeyed God, it is said,\r\n“And man became like to the beasts:”<a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_414\" id=\"FNanchor_414\">[414]</a> being rightly regarded as\r\nirrational, he is likened to the beasts. Whence Wisdom says: “The\r\nhorse for covering; the libidinous and the adulturer is become like\r\nto an irrational beast.”<a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_415\" id=\"FNanchor_415\">[415]</a> Wherefore also it is added: “He neighs,\r\nwhoever may be sitting on him.” The man, it is meant, no longer speaks;\r\nfor he who transgresses against reason is no longer rational, but an\r\nirrational animal, given up to lusts by which he is ridden (as a horse\r\nby his rider).</p>","headings":["THE WRITINGS OF CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA.","THE INSTRUCTOR.","BOOK I.","CHAPTER XIII. VIRTUE RATIONAL, SIN IRRATIONAL."],"marker_anchor":"FNanchor_415","paragraph_id":"pg71937-paragraph-332"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"2fd851d4766d7a1994b10557cb728ba255ac7a39cb869e1a8859c8cc2a8dafdd","edition_title":"The writings of Clement of Alexandria, Vol. 1 (of 2)","edition_translators":["William Wilson"],"edition_year":1867,"explicit_reference_candidates":[{"book":"SIR","chapter":33,"kind":"unreviewed","source_notation":"Ecclus. xxxiii. 6","verse":6,"verse_end":6}],"headings":[],"id":"pg71937-Footnote_415","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Project Gutenberg metadata: Public domain in the USA. Existing 1867 English translation; translator died 1875. Electronic transcription subject to Project Gutenberg reuse terms.","source_anchor":"Footnote_415","source_ebook":71937,"source_html":"<div class=\"footnote\">\n<p><a class=\"label pginternal\" href=\"#FNanchor_415\" id=\"Footnote_415\">[415]</a> Ecclus. xxxiii. 6.</p>\n</div>","source_sha256":"8e5c5bc39922dbad2626ac7651c2eb2e3d94cdcbd721f781e9792143ebb1cd03","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/71937/pg71937-images.html#Footnote_415","text_sha256":"abd0b9ba9a8dcd834077f5b0d9c7a011709447ddfc28ad9b9f866842f3b83ffa","verified":false,"work_id":null}