{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p>Justly is shame very specially connected with this lust;\r\njustly, too, these members themselves, being moved and\r\nrestrained not at our will, but by a certain independent\r\nautocracy, so to speak, are called \"shameful.\" Their condition\r\nwas different before sin. For as it is written, \"They\r\nwere naked and were not ashamed,\"<a id=\"FNanchor_105_105\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_105_105\">[105]</a>—not that their nakedness\r\nwas unknown to them, but because nakedness was not\r\nyet shameful, because not yet did lust move those members\r\nwithout the will's consent; not yet did the flesh by its disobedience\r\ntestify against the disobedience of man. For they\r\nwere not created blind, as the unenlightened vulgar fancy;<a id=\"FNanchor_106_106\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_106_106\">[106]</a>\r\nfor Adam saw the animals to whom he gave names, and of Eve\r\nwe read, \"The woman saw that the tree was good for food, and\r\nthat it was pleasant to the eyes.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_107_107\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_107_107\">[107]</a> Their eyes, therefore, were\r\nopen, but were not open to this, that is to say, were not\r\nobservant so as to recognise what was conferred upon them\r\nby the garment of grace, for they had no consciousness of\r\ntheir members warring against their will. But when they<span class=\"pagenum\"><a id=\"Page_33\">[Pg 33]</a></span>\r\nwere stripped of this grace,<a id=\"FNanchor_108_108\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_108_108\">[108]</a> that their disobedience might be\r\npunished by fit retribution, there began in the movement of\r\ntheir bodily members a shameless novelty which made nakedness\r\nindecent: it at once made them observant and made\r\nthem ashamed. And therefore, after they violated God's\r\ncommand by open transgression, it is written: \"And the eyes\r\nof them both were opened, and they knew that they were\r\nnaked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves\r\naprons.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_109_109\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_109_109\">[109]</a> \"The eyes of them both were opened,\" not\r\nto see, for already they saw, but to discern between the good\r\nthey had lost and the evil into which they had fallen. And\r\ntherefore also the tree itself which they were forbidden to\r\ntouch was called the tree of the knowledge of good and evil\r\nfrom this circumstance, that if they ate of it it would impart\r\nto them this knowledge. For the discomfort of sickness\r\nreveals the pleasure of health. \"They knew,\" therefore,\r\n\"that they were naked,\"—naked of that grace which prevented\r\nthem from being ashamed of bodily nakedness while\r\nthe law of sin offered no resistance to their mind. And thus\r\nthey obtained a knowledge which they would have lived in\r\nblissful ignorance of, had they, in trustful obedience to God,\r\ndeclined to commit that offence which involved them in the\r\nexperience of the hurtful effects of unfaithfulness and disobedience.\r\nAnd therefore, being ashamed of the disobedience\r\nof their own flesh, which witnessed to their disobedience\r\nwhile it punished it, \"they sewed fig leaves together, and\r\nmade themselves aprons,\" that is, cinctures for their privy\r\nparts; for some interpreters have rendered the word by\r\n<i>succinctoria</i>. <i>Campestria</i> is, indeed, a Latin word, but it\r\nis used of the drawers or aprons used for a similar purpose\r\nby the young men who stripped for exercise in the <i>campus</i>;\r\nhence those who were so girt were commonly called <i>campestrati</i>.\r\nShame modestly covered that which lust disobediently\r\nmoved in opposition to the will which was thus punished<span class=\"pagenum\"><a id=\"Page_34\">[Pg 34]</a></span>\r\nfor its own disobedience. Consequently all nations, being\r\npropagated from that one stock, have so strong an instinct to\r\ncover the shameful parts, that some barbarians do not uncover\r\nthem even in the bath, but wash with their drawers\r\non. In the dark solitudes of India also, though some philosophers\r\ngo naked, and are therefore called gymnosophists,\r\nyet they make an exception in the case of these members,\r\nand cover them.</p>","headings":["THE CITY OF GOD.","BOOK FOURTEENTH.[1]","ARGUMENT."],"marker_anchor":null,"paragraph_id":"pg45305-paragraph-68"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"306798401e852653ba7ec7b6e606e90c13d49e54ce0c2af3cc48e5d2906a620a","edition_title":"The City of God, Volume II","edition_translators":["Marcus Dods","George Wilson (Books XVII-XVIII)"],"edition_year":1871,"explicit_reference_candidates":[{"book":"GEN","chapter":3,"kind":"unreviewed","source_notation":"Gen. iii. 6","verse":6,"verse_end":6}],"headings":[],"id":"pg45305-Footnote_107_107","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Provider catalog reports public domain in the USA. Original transcription title leaves state T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1871; printed translator allocation retained. Gutenberg credits Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries without an exact scan identifier. Full provider license preserved with acquired original; republication and per-work metadata remain unreviewed.","source_anchor":"Footnote_107_107","source_ebook":45305,"source_html":"<div class=\"footnote\">\n<p><a id=\"Footnote_107_107\"></a><a class=\"pginternal\" href=\"#FNanchor_107_107\"><span class=\"label\">[107]</span></a> Gen. iii. 6.</p></div>","source_sha256":"7e0ced9e70512f3cf050b53c9d548e36b70d468d875153869f95d8aff5bbb530","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/45305/pg45305-images.html#Footnote_107_107","text_sha256":"a69c522ec00f57faec058b74755ca470511940fad4bee8ba319b3e22cf3a13df","verified":false,"work_id":null}