{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p>The things which then were hidden are now sufficiently\r\nrevealed by the actual events which have followed. For who\r\ncan carefully and intelligently consider these things without\r\nrecognising them accomplished in Christ? Shem, of whom\r\nChrist was born in the flesh, means \"named.\" And what is\r\nof greater name than Christ, the fragrance of whose name is\r\nnow everywhere perceived, so that even prophecy sings of it\r\nbeforehand, comparing it in the Song of Songs<a id=\"FNanchor_224_224\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_224_224\">[224]</a> to ointment\r\npoured forth? Is it not also in the houses of Christ, that is,\r\nin the churches, that the \"enlargement\" of the nations dwells?\r\nFor Japheth means \"enlargement.\" And Ham (<i>i.e.</i> hot), who\r\nwas the middle son of Noah, and, as it were, separated himself\r\nfrom both, and remained between them, neither belonging\r\nto the first-fruits of Israel nor to the fulness of the Gentiles,\r\nwhat does he signify but the tribe of heretics, hot with the\r\nspirit, not of patience, but of impatience, with which the\r\nbreasts of heretics are wont to blaze, and with which they\r\ndisturb the peace of the saints? But even the heretics yield\r\nan advantage to those that make proficiency, according to the\r\napostle's saying, \"There must also be heresies, that they which\r\nare approved may be made manifest among you.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_225_225\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_225_225\">[225]</a> Whence,\r\ntoo, it is elsewhere said, \"The son that receives instruction\r\nwill be wise, and he uses the foolish as his servant.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_226_226\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_226_226\">[226]</a> For\r\nwhile the hot restlessness of heretics stirs questions about\r\nmany articles of the catholic faith, the necessity of defending\r\nthem forces us both to investigate them more accurately, to\r\nunderstand them more clearly, and to proclaim them more\r\nearnestly; and the question mooted by an adversary becomes\r\nthe occasion of instruction. However, not only those who\r\nare openly separated from the church, but also all who glory\r\nin the Christian name, and at the same time lead abandoned<span class=\"pagenum\"><a id=\"Page_106\">[Pg 106]</a></span>\r\nlives, may without absurdity seem to be figured by Noah's\r\nmiddle son: for the passion of Christ, which was signified\r\nby that man's nakedness, is at once proclaimed by their profession,\r\nand dishonoured by their wicked conduct. Of such,\r\ntherefore, it has been said, \"By their fruits ye shall know\r\nthem.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_227_227\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_227_227\">[227]</a> And therefore was Ham cursed in his son, he being,\r\nas it were, his fruit. So, too, this son of his, Canaan, is fitly\r\ninterpreted \"their movement,\" which is nothing else than their\r\nwork. But Shem and Japheth, that is to say, the circumcision\r\nand uncircumcision, or, as the apostle otherwise calls\r\nthem, the Jews and Greeks, but called and justified, having\r\nsomehow discovered the nakedness of their father (which\r\nsignifies the Saviour's passion), took a garment and laid it\r\nupon their backs, and entered backwards and covered their\r\nfather's nakedness, without their seeing what their reverence\r\nhid. For we both honour the passion of Christ as accomplished\r\nfor us, and we hate the crime of the Jews who crucified\r\nHim. The garment signifies the sacrament, their backs\r\nthe memory of things past: for the church celebrates the\r\npassion of Christ as already accomplished, and no longer\r\nto be looked forward to, now that Japheth already dwells in\r\nthe habitations of Shem, and their wicked brother between\r\nthem.</p>","headings":["THE CITY OF GOD.","BOOK SIXTEENTH.","ARGUMENT."],"marker_anchor":null,"paragraph_id":"pg45305-paragraph-177"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"b3ce00f51681091294e1a49fa42eb099f6f9ac3c3d7db96effda0a84fdfaac92","edition_title":"The City of God, Volume II","edition_translators":["Marcus Dods","George Wilson (Books XVII-XVIII)"],"edition_year":1871,"explicit_reference_candidates":[{"book":"MAT","chapter":7,"kind":"unreviewed","source_notation":"Matt. vii. 20","verse":20,"verse_end":20}],"headings":[],"id":"pg45305-Footnote_227_227","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Provider catalog reports public domain in the USA. Original transcription title leaves state T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1871; printed translator allocation retained. Gutenberg credits Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries without an exact scan identifier. Full provider license preserved with acquired original; republication and per-work metadata remain unreviewed.","source_anchor":"Footnote_227_227","source_ebook":45305,"source_html":"<div class=\"footnote\">\n<p><a id=\"Footnote_227_227\"></a><a class=\"pginternal\" href=\"#FNanchor_227_227\"><span class=\"label\">[227]</span></a> Matt. vii. 20.</p></div>","source_sha256":"7e0ced9e70512f3cf050b53c9d548e36b70d468d875153869f95d8aff5bbb530","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/45305/pg45305-images.html#Footnote_227_227","text_sha256":"362567d413c79174286a1e652821b36c065ad9a89b75cb460433bb01f53f5e4b","verified":false,"work_id":null}