{"author":null,"canonical_references":[],"database_sha256":"8cfbe7284c6936871d57c02dc6aa63ebbdfd4722422d539dd9f716e46e91112e","date_end":null,"date_start":null,"edition_year":null,"id":"sermonindex-ecf-6803","native_reference":{"book_number":350,"chapter_from":12,"chapter_to":12,"system":"MyBible module coordinates (mapping unverified)","verse_from":11,"verse_to":11},"public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"verse-keyed-module-record","review_required":["English edition and exact text","author/work attribution","dating","verse mapping and citation kind","reuse and attribution","split author quotations and deduplicate"],"review_status":"unreviewed","source_html":"<p><b>Jerome</b>: \"If Galahad was an idol, then they were sacrificing their cattle in vain at Galgal; for even their altars were like heaps on the furrows of the field.\" LXX: \"If it is not Galahad, then the princes sacrificing at Galgala were false, and their altars were like tortoises on the desert of the field.\" Because we have translated \"bobus,\" which is called Surim in Hebrew, the LXX translated it as \"princes,\" which are called Sarim, being deceived by the similarity and ambiguity of the word. Again when we placed ourselves, 'acervos,' which in Hebrew are called Gallim and properly signify 'θῖνας,' that is, tumps gathered from sand, which are mostly increased or decreased in the desert and on the shores where the wind blows, the 70 translators translated to \"testudines\" (turtles): for which Symmachus interpreted \"piles of stones\": Theodotio \"hills.\" And truly if you look at θῖνας, they have a similarity to the great tortoises in a desert field, or on the banks and shores slightly prominent from the ground. Therefore, what He says, \"if in Gilead,\" about which it is written, \"Gilead is a city of idolaters, overturned with blood,\" false gods and perverse religion, and it is across the Jordan where two tribes live, Reuben and Gad, and half a tribe of Manasseh, therefore even Galgal of which we read in this same prophet: \"All their malice is in Galgal, which is behind Bethaven;\" whoever worships idols does not sacrifice to gods but offers sacrifices to cattle, imitating the error of Samaria. For at the time when these things were prophesied, Galaad was in the kingdom of the ten tribes; and Galgal, under the rule of the two tribes which were called Juda. Therefore, both the ten tribes and the two, deceived by equal idolatrous error, and their altars gathered from stones, or from sands, like heaps and hills. And when both of them have been brought into captivity, the former altars of theirs will have the similarity of tortoise shells or hills without cultivators. Because truly \"Galaad\" is interpreted as \"a translation of testimony,\" and \"Galgal, of rolling things,\" we can say this, that the leaders of the heretics transfer the testimonies of truth into lies, and whatever they worship is an idol, and their sacrifices are similar to heaps of stones or turtles. For just as θίνες and heaps are gathered from stones and sand here and there, so too heretics compose idols from worldly wisdom and the cleverness of men, with fraud and lies. And when they have done this, they move slowly in one place and cannot occupy the whole world. The slow and burdened tortoise, crushed by its own weight, not so much walks as it moves, signifying the most serious sins of heretics who sacrifice themselves in the mire and mud of their errors, worshipping the works of their hands and working hard for earthly fruits like oxen.<br/><i>— Commentary on Hosea 12:11</i></p>","source_html_sha256":"00256b084a897d2373f1f762d1ca3eccd8cb59b263cb4911faa9f72c35ee78d8","source_module":"ECF","source_row_id":6803,"source_url":"https://www.sermonindex.net/commentary/ecf/","text_sha256":"1bd0840b8f1a91dc0282cc86099109c5742467e77a4e0e61d3bca06c1ff7e453","translator":null,"work":null}