The Ben. note
runs, “Ministros, sive subdiaconos, sacratorum ordini
ascribit Basilius. Synodus Laodicena inferiores clericos
sacratorum numero non comprehendit, sed numerat sacratos a
presbyteris usque ad diaconos, ἀπο
πρεσβυτέρων
ἕως
διακόνων, can.
24, distinguit canone 27, ἱερατικοὺς,
ἢ κληρικοὺς
ἢ λαικοὺς, sive
sacratos, sive clericos, sive laicos. Et can. 30.
῞Οτι οὑ δεῖ
ἱερατικὸν ἢ
κληρικὸν ἢ
ἀσκητὴν ἐν
βαλανειῳ
μετὰ
γυναικῶν
ἀπολούεσθαι,
μηδὲ πάντα
Χριστιανὸν
ἢ λαϊκόν. Non
oportet sacratum vel clericum aut ascetam in balneo cum mulieribus
lavari. sed nec ullum Christianum aut laïcum. Non
sequuntur hujus synodi morem ecclesiastici scriptores.
Basilius, epist. 287, excommunicato omne cum sacratis commercium
intercludit. Et in epist. 198, ἱερατεῖον
intelligit cœtum clericorum, eique ascribit clericos qui
epistolas episcopi perferebant. Athanasius ad Rufinianum
scribens, rogat eum ut epistolam legat ἱερατεί& 251·
et populo. Gregorius Nazianzenus lectores sacri
ordinis, ἱεροῦ
ταγματος,
partem esse agnoscit in epist. 45. Notandus etiam canon
8 apostolicus, ει
τις
ἐπίσκοπος
ἢ etc. πρεσβύτερος
ἢ διάκονος ἢ
ἐκ τοῦ
ἱεραρικοῦ
καταλόγον,
etc. Si quis episcopus vel presbyter vel diaconus, vel
ex sacro ordine. Hæc visa sunt observanda, quia
pluribus Basilii locis, quæ deinceps occurrent, non parum
afferent lucis.” The letter of the Council in
Illyricum uses ἱερατικὸν
τάγμα in precisely the same
way. Theod., Ecc. Hist. iv. 8, where see note
on p. 113. So Sozomen, On the Council of Nicæa,
i. 23. Ordo, the nearest Latin equivalent to
the Greek τάγμα, was
originally used of any estate in the church, e.g. St.
Jerome, On Isaiah v. 19, 18.
On the testing of qualifications
for orders, cf. St. Cyprian, Ep. lxviii.