14. The nature of our bodies is such, that when
endued with life and feeling by conjunction with a sentient soul, they
become something more than inert, insensate matter. They feel
when touched, suffer when pricked, shiver with cold, feel pleasure in
warmth, waste with hunger, and grow fat with food. By a certain
transfusion of the soul, which supports and penetrates them, they feel
pleasure or pain according to the surrounding circumstances. When
the body is pricked or pierced, it is the soul which pervades it that
is conscious, and suffers pain. For instance a flesh-wound is
felt even to the bone, while the fingers feel nothing when we cut the
nails which protrude from the flesh. And if through some disease
a limb becomes withered, it loses the feeling of living flesh: it
can be cut or burnt, it feels no pain whatever, because the soul is no
longer mingled with it. Also when through some grave necessity
part of the body must be cut away, the soul can be lulled to sleep by
drugs, which overcome the pain, and produce in the mind a death-like
forgetfulness of its power of sense. Then limbs can be cut off
without pain: the flesh is dead to all feeling, and does not heed
the deep thrust of the knife, because the soul within it is
asleep. It is, therefore, because the body lives by admixture
with a weak soul, that it is subject to the weakness of pain.