Judah] The people under the government of Rehoboam, following the ill example of their king, or by him being made to sin, as v. 16. This was thre yeers after Rehoboam began to reign, 2 Chron. 11. 17. in 2 Chron. 12. 1. Rehoboams subjects are called Israel, because they also descended from Israel, and to shew that none of the children of Israel remained faithfull: For ten tribes having revolted with Jeroboam, the other fell with Rehoboam: Yet, so as some particular persons might here and there remain faithfull. See the notes on chap. 19. 10, 18. jealousie] Jealousie is the wrath of an husband for his wives adultery and disloyalty, God being as an husband to his people, (Isaiah 54:5. Jeremiah 31:32.) and idolatry being a spirituall adultery, (Jeremiah 13:27. Ezekiel 23:37; Ezekiel 23:43.) in this case jealousie is attributed to him, Deuteronomy 29:20. and 32. 16, 21. Jealousie imports the highest displeasure, and greatest degree of anger, Pro. 6. 34, 35. their fathers] In no kings time before was there such a generall apostasie of Judah.