4. The non-identity of hypostasis and ousia is, I take it, suggested even by our western
brethren, where, from a suspicion of the inadequacy of their own
language, they have given the word ousia in the Greek, to the end that any possible
difference of meaning might be preserved in the clear and
unconfounded distinction of terms. If you ask me to state
shortly my own view, I shall state that ousia has the same relation to hypostasis as
the common has to the particular. Every one of us both
shares in existence by the common term of essence
(ousia) and by his own
properties is such an one and such an one. In the same
manner, in the matter in question, the term ousia is common, like goodness, or
Godhead, or any similar attribute; while hypostasis is
contemplated in the special property of Fatherhood, Sonship, or
the power to sanctify. If then they describe the Persons as
being without hypostasis, ἀνυπόστατα the statement
is per se absurd; but if they concede that the Persons
exist in real hypostasis, as they acknowledge, let them so reckon
them that the principle of the homoousion may be preserved in the unity of
the Godhead, and that the doctrine preached may be the
recognition of true religion, of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, in
the perfect and complete hypostasis of each of the Persons
named. Nevertheless, there is one point which I should like
to have pressed on your excellency, that you and all who like you
care for the truth, and honour the combatant in the cause of true
religion, ought to wait for the lead to be taken in bringing
about this union and peace by the foremost authorities in the
Church, whom I count as pillars and foundations of the truth and
of the Church, and reverence all the more because they have been
sent away for punishment, and have been exiled far from
home. Keep yourself, I implore you, clear of prejudice,
that in you, whom God has given me as a staff and support in all
things, I may be able to find rest. On the
point treated of in this letter, cf. note on p. 5 and
Letter xxxviii. p. 137. But in the De S.S.
cap. 38 (p. 23) St. Basil himself repudiates the assertion
of three “original hypostases,” when he is
apparently using ὑπόστασις in
the Nicene sense.