The text of
Prov. viii.
22 in the LXX. is
κύριος
ἔκτισέ με
ἀρχὴν ὁδῶν
αὐτοῦ εἰς
ἔργα
αὐτοῦ. The rendering of
A.V. is “possessed,” with “formed” in the
margin.
The Hebrew verb occurs some eighty times in the Old
Testament, and in only four other passages is translated by possess,
viz., Gen. xiv. 19, 22, Ps. cxxxix.
13, Jer. xxxii. 15, and Zec. xi. 5. In the two former, though the
LXX. renders the word in the Psalms ἐκτήσω, it would have borne the
sense of “create.” In the passage under discussion
the Syriac agrees with the LXX., and among critics adopting the same
view Bishop Wordsworth cites Ewald, Hitzig, and Genesius. The
ordinary meaning of the Hebrew is “get” or
“acquire,” and hence it is easy to see how the idea of
getting or possessing passed in relation to the Creator into that of
creation. The Greek translators were not unanimous and Aquila
wrote ἐκτήσατο.
The passage inevitably became the Jezreel or Low Countries of the
Arian war, and many a battle was fought on it. The
depreciators of the Son found in it Scriptural authority for
calling Him κτίσμα,
e.g. Arius in the Thalia, is quoted by
Athanasius in Or. c. Ar. I. iii. § 9, and such
writings of his followers as the Letter of Eusebius of Nicomedia
to Paulinus of Tyre cited in Theod., Ecc. Hist. I. v., and
Eunomius as quoted by Greg. Nyss., c. Eunom. II. 10;
but as Dr. Liddon observes in his Bampton Lect. (p. 60,
ed. 1868), “They did not doubt that this created Wisdom was
a real being or person.”
ἔκτισεwas accepted by the
Catholic writers, but explained to refer to the manhood only,
cf. Eustathius of Antioch, quoted in Theod.,
Dial. I. The view of Athanasius will be found in his
dissertation on the subject in the Second Discourse against the
Arians, pp. 357–385 of Schaff & Wace’s
edition. cf. Bull, Def. Fid. Nic. II. vi.
8.