It is apparently to this passage of Plato that Aristotle
refers in describing the ambiguity of the word οὐσία Metaph. vi.
§ 2.: “Now Οὐσία seems to belong most
manifestly to bodies: wherefore animals and plants and their
parts we say are οὐσίαι, also natural
bodies as fire and water and earth and all such things, and all either
parts of these, or products either of parts or the whole, as the heaven
and its parts, stars, moon, and sun. But whether these are the
only οὐσίαι or
there are others also, or none of these but others of a different kind,
is a matter for inquiry. Some think that the boundaries of
bodies, as a surface, and a line and a point and a unit (μονάς), are οὐσίαι, even more so than
body and solid. Further, one class of persons thinks that besides
things sensible there is no οὐσία, and another that there
are many things, and these more enduring (ἀΐδια), as Plato thinks that the ideas
(εἴδη) and the
mathematical elements are two kinds of οὐσία, and that the
οὐσία of sensible
bodies is a third.”