44. In delivering
the formula of the Father, the Son, and the Holy
Ghost,
Matt. xxviii.
19. our Lord did
not connect the gift with number. He did not say “into
First, Second, and Third,” Mr.
C.F.H. Johnston quotes as instances of the application of the word
“third” to the Holy Ghost; Justin Martyr (Apol.
i. 13) “We honour the Spirit of prophecy in the third
rank.” Tertullian (In Prax. 8) “As the
fruit from the tree is third from the root, and the rivulet from the
river third from the source, and the flame from the ray third from
the sun.” Eunomius (Lib. Apol. § 25)
“observing the teaching of Saints, we have learned from them
that the Holy Spirit is third in dignity and order, and so have
believed him to be third in nature also.” On the last
St. Basil (Adv. Eunom. ii.) rejoins “Perhaps the word
of piety allows Him to come in rank second to the Son…although
He is inferior to the Son in rank and dignity (that we may make the
utmost possible concession) it does not reasonably follow thence
that he is of a different nature.” On the word
“perhaps” a dispute arose at the Council of Florence,
the Latins denying its genuineness. nor yet “into one, two, and
three, but He gave us the boon of the knowledge of the faith which
leads to salvation, by means of holy names. So that what
saves us is our faith. Number has been devised as a symbol
indicative of the quantity of objects. But these men, who
bring ruin on themselves from every possible source, have turned
even the capacity for counting against the faith. Nothing
else undergoes any change in consequence of the addition of
number, and yet these men in the case of the divine nature pay
reverence to number, lest they should exceed the limits of the
honour due to the Paraclete. But, O wisest sirs, let the
unapproachable be altogether above and beyond number, as the
ancient reverence of the Hebrews wrote the unutterable name of God
in peculiar characters, thus endeavouring to set forth its
infinite excellence. Count, if you must; but you must not by
counting do damage to the faith. Either let the ineffable be
honoured by silence; or let holy things be counted consistently
with true religion. There is one God and Father, one
Only-begotten, and one Holy Ghost. We proclaim each of the
hypostases singly; and, when count we must, we do not let an
ignorant arithmetic carry us away to the idea of a plurality of
Gods.