To the same period we may also refer his
renunciation of his share of the family property. cf. Ep.
ccxxiii. § 2. Greg. Naz., Or. xliii. Maran would appear to date this before
the Syrian and Egyptian tour, a journey which can hardly have been
accomplished without considerable expense. But, in truth, with
every desire to do justice to the self-denial and unworldliness of St.
Basil and of other like-minded and like-lived champions of the Faith,
it cannot but be observed that, at all events in Basil’s case,
the renunciation must be understood with some reasonable
reservation. The great archbishop has been claimed as a
“socialist,” whatever may be meant in these days by the
term. e.g. The New
Party, 1894, pp. 82 and 83, quoting Bas., In Isa. i.,
Hom. in illud Lucæ Destruam horrea, § 7, and Hom.
in Divites. But St.
Basil did not renounce all property himself, and had a keen sense
of its rights in the case of his friends. Epp. iii.,
xxxvi. cf. Dr. Travers Smith, Basil, p.
33. From his letter on behalf of his
foster-brother, placed by Maran during his presbyterate, Ep.
xxxvii. it would appear that this foster-brother,
Dorotheus, was allowed a life tenancy of a house and farm on the
family estate, with a certain number of slaves, on condition that
Basil should be supported out of the profits. Here we have
landlord, tenant, rent, and unearned increment. St. Basil
can scarcely be fairly cited as a practical apostle of some of the
chapters of the socialist evangel of the end of the nineteenth
century. But ancient eulogists of the great archbishop,
anxious to represent him as a good monk, have not failed to
foresee that this might be urged in objection to the completeness
of his renunciation of the world, in their sense, and to
counterbalance it, have cited an anecdote related by
Cassian. Inst. vii.
19. cf. note on Cassian, vol. xi. p. 254 of this
series. One day a
senator named Syncletius came to Basil to be admitted to his
monastery, with the statement that he had renounced his property,
excepting only a pittance to save him from manual labour.
“You have spoilt a senator,” said Basil,
“without making a monk.” Basil’s own
letter represents him as practically following the example of, or
setting an example to, Syncletius.