3. What We are to
Think of the Discrepancies Between the Different Gospels.
We must, however, try to obtain some notion of the
intention of the Evangelists in such matters, and we direct ourselves
to this. Suppose there are several men who, by the spirit, see
God, and know His words addressed to His saints, and His presence which
He vouchsafes to them, appearing to them at chosen times for their
advancement. There are several such men, and they are in
different places, and the benefits they receive from above vary in
shape and character. And let these men report, each of them
separately, what he sees in spirit about God and His words, and His
appearances to His saints, so that one of them speaks of
God’s appearances and words and acts to
one righteous man in such a place, and another about other oracles and
great works of the Lord, and a third of something else than what the
former two have dealt with. And let there be a fourth, doing with
regard to some particular matter something of the same kind as these
three. And let the four agree with each other about something the
Spirit has suggested to them all, and let them also make brief reports
of other matters besides that one; then their narratives will fall out
something on this wise: God appeared to such a one at such a time
and in such a place, and did to him thus and thus; as if He had
appeared to him in such a form, and had led him by the hand to such a
place, and then done to him thus and thus. The second will report
that God appeared at the very time of the foresaid occurrences, in a
certain town, to a person who is named, a second person, and in a place
far removed from that of the former account, and he will report a
different set of words spoken at the same time to this second
person. And let the same be supposed to be the case with the
third and with the fourth. And let them, as we said, agree, these
witnesses who report true things about God, and about His benefits
conferred on certain men, let them agree with each other in some of the
narratives they report. He, then, who takes the writings of these
men for history, or for a representation of real things by a historical
image, and who supposes God to be within certain limits in space, and
to be unable to present to several persons in different places several
visions of Himself at the same time, or to be making several speeches
at the same moment, he will deem it impossible that our four writers
are all speaking truth. To him it is impossible that God, who is
in certain limits in space, could at the same set time be saying one
thing to one man and another to another, and that He should be doing a
thing and the opposite thing as well, and, to put it bluntly, that He
should be both sitting and standing, should one of the writers
represent Him as standing at the time, and making a certain speech in
such a place to such a man, while a second writer speaks of Him as
sitting.