Basil of Caesarea : But we must proceed to attack our opponents, in the endeavor to confute those "oppositions" advanced against us which are derived from "knowledge falsely so-called." It is not permissible, they assert, for the Holy Spirit to be ranked with the Father and the Son, on account of the difference of his nature and the inferiority of his dignity. Against them it is right to reply in the words of the apostles, "We ought to obey God rather than men. — OF THE HOLY SPIRIT 9.23-10.24 Clement of Alexandria : As, then, philosophy has been brought into evil repute by pride and self-conceit, so also ghosts by false ghosts called by the same name; of which the apostle writing says, "O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding the profane and vain babblings and oppositions of science (gnosis) falsely so called; which some professing, have erred concerning the faith." Convicted by this utterance, the heretics reject the Epistles to Timothy. Well, then, if the Lord is the truth, and wisdom, and power of God, as in truth He is, it is shown that the real Gnostic is he that knows Him, and His Father by Him. For his sentiments are the same with him who said, "The lips of the righteous know high things." — The Stromata Book 2 Cyril of Jerusalem : I have many other testimonies from holy Scripture to the fact that the kingdom of Christ endures throughout all ages. But I will content myself with what I have said, because the day wears on. And do you, my hearers, worship him alone as king, and flee every misguided heresy.… Flee the false Christ, and look for the true. You have been taught the way to be among those on his right hand at the judgment. Retain "that which is committed to you" concerning Christ, and be adorned with good works. So you will stand with a good courage before the Judge and thereafter inherit the kingdom of heaven. — Catechetical Lecture 15:33 Eusebius of Caesarea : Besides this, the same man [Hegesippus], when relating the events of these times, adds that until then the church had remained a pure and undefiled virgin, since those who attempted to corrupt the sound rule of the Savior's preaching, if any did exist, until then lurked somewhere in obscure darkness. But when the sacred band of the apostles had received an end of life in various ways, and the generation of those who were deemed worthy to hear the divine wisdom with their own ears had passed away, then the league of godless error took its beginnings because of the deceit of heretical teachers who, since none of the apostles still remained, attempted henceforth barefacedly to proclaim in opposition to the preaching of truth "the knowledge falsely so-called." — ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 3.32 Hippolytus of Rome : A lengthened conflict, then, having been maintained concerning all heresies by us who, at all events, have not left any unrefuted, the greatest struggle now remains behind, viz., to furnish an account and refutation of those heresies that have sprung up in our own day, by which certain ignorant and presumptuous men have attempted to scatter abroad the Church, and have introduced the greatest confusion among all the faithful throughout the entire world. For it seems expedient that we, making an onslaught upon the opinion which constitutes the prime source of (contemporaneous) evils, should prove what are the originating principles of this (opinion), in order that its offshoots, becoming a matter of general notoriety, may be made the object of universal scorn. — Hippolytus Refutation of All Heresies Book IX Irenaeus : They also have an image of Simon fashioned after the likeness of Jupiter, and another of Helena in the shape of Minerva; and these they worship. In fine, they have a name derived from Simon, the author of these most impious doctrines, being called Simonians; and from them "knowledge, falsely so called," received its beginning, as one may learn even from their own assertions. — Against Heresies Book I Irenaeus : In the first book, which immediately precedes this, exposing "knowledge falsely so called," I showed thee, my very dear friend, that the whole system devised, in many and opposite ways, by those who are of the school of Valentinus, was false and baseless. I also set forth the tenets of their predecessors, proving that they not only differed among themselves, but had long previously swerved from the truth itself. — Against Heresies Book II Irenaeus : Did all those who have been mentioned, with whom you have been proved to coincide in expression, know, or not know, the truth? If they knew it, then the descent of the Saviour into this world was superfluous. For why [in that case] did He descend? Was it that He might bring that truth which was [already] known to the knowledge of those who knew it? If, on the other hand, these men did not know it, then how is it that, while you express yourselves in the same terms as do those who knew not the truth, ye boast that yourselves alone possess that knowledge which is above all things, although they who are ignorant of God [likewise] possess it? Thus, then, by a complete perversion of language, they style ignorance of the truth knowledge: and Paul well says [of them, that they make use of] "novelties of words of false knowledge." For that knowledge of theirs is truly found to be false. — Against Heresies Book II Jerome : The apostle labors, and, although he has lived blameless, according to the justice that is from the law, he counts everything as worthless for Christ, that he may be found in Christ, not having his own justice which is from the law but that which is from the faith of Christ, from God.… Therefore, we are saved, not by the power of the free will but by the mercy of God. And, lest you think that the truth of faith can be subverted by vain argumentations which raise questions in the minds of the hearers, the same apostle writes to Timothy, "O Timothy, guard the trust and keep free from profane novelties in speech and the contradictions of so-called knowledge, which some have promised and have fallen away from the faith." For the goodness and mercy of our Savior have saved us, not by reason of good works that we did ourselves but according to his mercy, in order that, justified by his grace, we may be heirs in the hope of life everlasting. — Against the Pelagians 2.10 John Cassian : The psalmist also declares that this is the sequence we must follow. He says, "Blessed are those who are unsullied upon their journey, who walk in the law of the Lord. Blessed are those who pay heed to his witness." … In this way he shows clearly that no one can manage to engage in the correct scrutiny of God's Word unless in his daily life he proceeds unstained along the road of Christ. Therefore those whom you have mentioned cannot possess this knowledge if they are unclean. What they have is a false so-called lore, the kind about which the apostle has this to say, "O Timothy, guard what has been given to you. In all that you say avoid profane novelties and the claims of a falsely named knowledge." — CONFERENCES 14.16 John Chrysostom : "O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust." Let it not suffer diminution. It is not thy own. Thou art intrusted with the property of another, do not lessen it. "Avoiding profane and vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called." Well did he thus call it. For where there is not faith, there is not knowledge; when anything springs from our reasonings, it is not knowledge. Or perhaps he says this, because some then assumed the name of Gnostics, as knowing more than others. — Homily on 1 Timothy 18 Leo the Great : What is meant by "the deposit"? That which is committed to you, not that which is invented by you. That which you have received, not that which you have devised. A thing not of wit but of learning; not of private assumption but of public tradition; a thing brought to you, not brought forth by you; wherein you must not be an author but a keeper; not a leader but a follower. Keep the deposit. — SERMONS 85.3 Nicetas of Remesiana : Make strong in your hearts, my brothers, this faith in the Trinity, believing in one God the Father Almighty and in his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord, and in the Holy Spirit, the true light and sanctifier of souls, who is the pledge of our inheritance, who will lead us, if we will but follow, into all truth and will make us one with the citizens of heaven. This rule of faith the apostles received from the Lord.… May this faith remain in you. O beloved, "keep that which is committed to your trust, avoiding profane novelties of words and oppositions of knowledge falsely so called." — EXPLANATION OF THE CREED 8 Oecumenius : O Timothy, guard what has been delivered to you, avoiding profane and vain babblings and oppositions of falsely called knowledge, which some professing have strayed concerning the faith. Grace be with you. Amen. guard what has been delivered to you. Paul says the commandment of God, which he delivered to you through me; or the grace of the Spirit, which he received through the laying on of hands. avoiding profane and vain babblings. The impure, the defiled. Vain babblings, however, are pointless words, therefore empty sound is not profane. But Blessed John called the recent admonitions novelties of voices, reading as it seems "vain babblings" [καινοφωνίας], through the diphthong and the written "και," as the first syllable. and oppositions. Therefore, there is an opposition to which one must not respond, because of its nonsense. of falsely called knowledge. For when there is no faith, there is no knowledge. And that which seems to be, is false. which some professing. Paul says that the knowledge is false and forbidden. For perhaps some were claiming knowledge discovered from human reasoning, which was opposed to faith. And it is obvious from this that they have suffered shipwreck concerning the faith. Grace be with you. Amen. Paul prays for the seal or signet of all things, namely the grace of God, from which all which is good is both given and preserved. The end, with divine assistance, of the first Epistle to Timothy. It was written from Laodicea, which is a metropolis of Phrygia and Pacatiana. — COMMENTARY ON 1 TIMOTHY Origen of Alexandria : What is "the deposit" that each one of the faithful receives? For my part I think that we receive our soul itself and the body as a deposit from God. And do you want to see another greater "deposit" that you received from God? God entrusted "his own image and likeness" to your own soul. That deposit, therefore, must be restored by you just as intact as it was received by you. For if you are merciful, "as your Father in heaven is merciful," the image of God is in you and you preserve the "deposit" intact. If you are perfect, "as your Father in heaven is perfect," the deposit of God's image remains in you. In like manner, in all other things, if you are pious, if you are just, if you are holy, if you are "pure in heart," and if all things which are present in God through nature remain in you by imitation, "the deposit" of the divine image is safe within you. — HOMILIES ON Leviticus 4.3 Origen of Alexandria : To go into the way of the Gentiles is to adopt some Gentile teaching which is foreign to the "Israel of God" and to walk according to it. And to enter a city of the Samaritans is to be engaged in some knowledge falsely so-called of those who claim to devote themselves to the words of the law or the prophets or the Gospels or the apostles. — Commentary on John 13.343 Origen of Alexandria : Celsus also says that "they were of one mind," not seeing even here that from the outset there were disagreements among the believers about the interpretation of the books regarded as divine.… In the epistles of Paul, who was contemporary with those who had seen Jesus, there are some statements to be found which concern certain disputes about the resurrection, and about the view that it had already occurred, and about the question whether the day of the Lord was already present or not. Moreover, the words "Turning away from the profane babblings and oppositions of the knowledge falsely so-called, which some have professed and made shipwreck concerning the faith" show that from the beginning there were certain varieties of interpretation. — AGAINST CELSUS 3.11 Tertullian : Nothing that was proclaimed before many witnesses could be kept secret. Nor can they [the Gnostic heretics] interpret as evidence of some hidden gospel Paul's desire that Timothy should entrust "these things to faithful men, fit to teach others." "These things" meant the things of which he was then writing. To refer to things hidden in their minds he would have said "those," as of something absent, not "these." — PRESCRIPTIONS AGAINST HERETICS 25 Tertullian : But here is, as we have said, the same madness, in their allowing indeed that the apostles were ignorant of nothing, and preached not any (doctrines) which contradicted one another, but at the same time insisting that they did not reveal all to all men, for that they proclaimed some openly and to all the world, whilst they disclosed others (only) in secret and to a few, because Paul addressed even this expression to Timothy: "O Timothy, guard that which is entrusted to thee; " and again: "That good thing which was committed unto thee keep. — The Prescription Against Heretics Vincent of Lérins : "Avoiding," he says, "profane novelties of words." Are there really people who can listen to such adjurations and then remain in such hardened and shameless stubbornness, such stony impudence, such adamant consistency, as not to yield to the mighty weight of these divine words and to weaken under such a load, as not to be shattered by these hammer strokes, as not to be crushed by such powerful thunderbolts? "Avoiding," he says, "profane novelties of words." He did not say "antiquities" or "the old traditions." No, he clearly shows the positive implications of this negative statement: Novelty is to be avoided, hence, antiquity has to be respected; novelty is profane, hence, the old tradition is sacred. — COMMONITORIES 21 Vincent of Lérins : What does "avoiding" mean? "If anyone comes to you and does not bring this doctrine." Of course, this means the catholic and universal doctrine, which remains one and the same through all successive ages in the uncorrupted tradition of truth and which will remain so without end for ever and ever. — COMMONITORIES 24