How then, they say, can Scripture describe all the
plants of the earth as seed-bearing, when the reed,
couch-grass, Triticum
repens. mint, crocus,
garlic, and the flowering rush and countless other species, produce no
seed? To this we reply that many vegetables have their seminal
virtue in the lower part and in the roots. The need, for example,
after its annual growth sends forth a protuberance from its roots,
which takes the place of seed for future trees. Numbers of other
vegetables are the same and all over the earth reproduce by the
roots. Nothing then is truer than that each plant produces its
seed or contains some seminal virtue; this is what is meant by
“after its kind.” So that the shoot of a reed does
not produce an olive tree, but from a reed grows another reed, and from
one sort of seed a plant of the same sort always germinates.
Thus, all which sprang from the earth, in its first bringing forth, is
kept the same to our time, thanks to the constant reproduction of
kind. On the history
of this doctrine, of which Linnæus was the latest great
exponent, and its contradiction in Darwin, see Haeckel’s
Schöpfungsgeschichte, vol. i. ch.
2.