We must not be the slaves of our bodies, except
where we are compelled. Our best provision must be for the
soul. We ought by means of philosophy to release her from
fellowship with all bodily appetites as we might from a dungeon, and at
the same time make our bodies superior to our appetites. We
should, for instance, supply our bellies with necessaries, not with
dainties like men whose minds are set on cooks and table arrangers, and
who search through every land and sea, like the tributaries of some
stern despot, much to be pitied for their toil. Such men are
really suffering pains as intolerable as the torments of hell, carding
into a fire, εἰς πῦρ
ξαίνοντες,
i.e. labouring in vain. cf. Plat., Legg.
780 c. The ordinary rendering to “flog fire,”
adopted by Erasmus (Adag. Chil. i., Centur. iv.),
seems wrong. cf. Bekker on the phrase in
Plato. fetching water in a
sieve, pouring into a tub with holes in it, and getting nothing for
their pains. To pay more than necessary attention to our hair and
dress is, as Diogenes phrases it, the part either of the unfortunate or
of the wicked. To be finely dressed, and to have the reputation
of being so, is to my mind quite as disgraceful as to play the harlot
or to plot against a neighbour’s wedlock. What does it
matter to a man with any sense, whether he wears a grand state robe, or
a common cloak, so long as
it serves to keep off heat and cold? In other matters necessity
is to be the rule, and the body is only to be so far regarded as is
good for the soul.”