The Book Concerning the
Mysteries.
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Chapter I.
St. Ambrose states that after the explanations he has
already given of holy living, he will now explain the Mysteries.
Then after giving his reasons for not having done so before, he
explains the mystery of the opening of the ears, and shows how this was
of old done by Christ Himself.
1.
We
have spoken
daily upon subjects connected with morals, when the deeds of the
Patriarchs or the precepts of the Proverbs were being read, in order
that being taught and instructed by these you might grow accustomed to
enter the ways of the ancients and to walk in their paths, and obey the
divine commands; in order that being renewed by baptism you might hold
to that manner of life which beseems those who are washed.
2. The season now warns us to speak of the
Mysteries, and to set forth the purport of the sacraments, which if we
had thought it well to teach before baptism to those who were not yet
initiated, we should be considered rather to have betrayed than to have
portrayed the Mysteries. And then, too, another reason is that
the light itself of the Mysteries will shed itself with more effect
upon those who are expecting they know not what, than if any discourse
had come beforehand.
3. Open, then, your ears, inhale the good
savour of eternal life which has been breathed upon you by the grace of
the sacraments; which was signified to you by us, when, celebrating the
mystery of the opening,
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we said,
“Epphatha, which is, Be opened,”
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that whosoever was coming in quest of
peace might know what he was asked, and be bound to remember what he
answered.
4. Christ made use of this mystery in the Gospel,
as we read, when He healed him who was deaf and dumb. But He
touched the mouth, because he who was healed was dumb and was a man, as
regards one point that he might open his mouth with the sound of the
voice given to him; as regards the other point because that touch was
seemly towards a man, but would have been unseemly towards a
woman.
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It must be borne
in mind that the name Mysteries was that by which the sacraments were
commonly known in the Early Church, as it is at the present day in the
Greek Church the equivalent of our word sacraments. Of course the
word has also its usual wider signification.
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This
“opening” was a symbolical act, as is explained in the next
section. The celebrant moistened his finger with spittle,
wherewith he then touched the ear of the catechumen, saying,
“Epphatha.”
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S.
Mark vii. 34
.