Sabellius
was a presbyter in the Libyan Pentapolis (Barca), who came to Rome and
there ventilated his heretical teaching, early in the third century,
a.d. (about 210). He appears to have
maintained that there was no real distinction of Persons in the
Godhead. God, he said, was one individual Person: when
different divine Persons were spoken of, no more was meant than
different aspects of, or the assumption of different parts by, the same
subject. Sabellius thus started from the ordinary usages of the
term πρόσωπον
as denoting (1) a mask, (2) a character or part in a drama.
The Latin persona was used in the same way. Sabellianism
never counted many adherents; its professors were called Patripassians,
because their doctrine was tantamount to asserting that God the Father
was crucified.