WORKS OF ST. CHRYSOSTOM. [HOMILY IX. for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness." All what Scripture? all that sa cred writing, he means, of which I was speaking. This is said of what he was discoursing of; about which he said, " From a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures." All such, then, " is given by inspiration ofGod " ; therefore, he means, do not doubt ; and it is "profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in right eousness : that the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good works." " For doctrine." For thence we shall know, whether we ought to learn or to be ignorant of anything. And thence we may disprove what is false, thence we may be corrected and brought to a right mind, may be comforted and con soled, and if anything is deficient, we may have it added to us. "That the man ofGod may be perfect." For this is the exhortation of the Scripture given, that the man of God may be rendered perfect by it ; without this therefore he cannot be per fect. Thou hast the Scriptures, he says, in place of me. If thou wouldest learn anything, thou mayest learn it from them. And if he thus wrote to Timothy, who was filled with the Spirit, how much more to us ! " Thoroughly furnished unto all good works " ; not merely taking part in them, he means, but " thoroughly furnished." Chap. iv. i . "I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, Who shall judge the quick and the dead." He either means the wicked and the just, or the departed and those that are still living ; for many will be left alive. In the former Epistle he raised his fears, saying, " I give thee charge in the sight of God, Who quickeneth all things " (i Tim. vi. 13) : but here he sets before him what is more dreadful, " Who shall judge the quick and the dead," that is, Who shall call them to account " at His appearing and His kingdom." When shall He judge? at His ap pearing with glory, and in His kingdom. Either he says this to show that He will not come in the way that He now has come, or, " I call to witness His coming, and His kingdom." He calls Him to witness, showing that he had re minded Him of that appearing. Then teaching him how he ought to preach the word, he adds, Ver. 2. " Preach the word : be instant in season, out of season ; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all longsuffering and doctrine." What means " in season, out ofseason " ? That is, have not any limited season : let it always be thy season, not only in peace and security, and when sitting in the Church. Whether thou be in danger, in prison, in chains, or going to thy death, at that very time reprove. Withhold not rebuke, for reproof is then most seasonable, when thy rebuke will be most successful, when the reality is proved. " Exhort," he says. After the manner of physicians, having shown the wound, he gives the incision, he applies the plaster. For if you omit either of these, the other becomes useless. If you rebuke without convicting, you will seem to be rash, and no one will tolerate it, but after the matter is proved, he will submit to rebuke : before, he will be headstrong. And if you convict and rebuke, but vehemently, and do not apply exhortation, 1 all your labor will be lost. For conviction 2 is intolerable in itself, if consolation be not mingled with it. As if incision, though salutary in itself, have not plenty of lenitives to assuage the pain, the patient cannot endure cutting and hacking, so it is in this matter. " With all longsuffering and doctrine." For he that reproves is required to be longsuffering, that he may not believe hastily, and rebuke needs consolation, that it may be received as it ought. And why to " longsuffering " does he add " doctrine "? " Not as in anger, not as in hatred, not as insulting over him, not as having caught an enemy. Far be these things from thee." But how? As loving, as sympathizing with him, as more distressed than himself at his grief, as melted at his sufferings ? " With all longsuffering and doctrine." No ordinary teach ing is implied. Ver. 3. " For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine." Before they grow stiffnecked,3 preoccupy them all. For this reason he says, " in season, out of season " ; do everything, so as to have willing disciples. " But after their own lusts," he says, " shall they heap to themselves teachers." Nothing can be more expressive than these words. For by saying " they shall heap to them selves," he shows the indiscriminate multitude of the teachers, as also by their being elected by their disciples. " They shall heap to them selves teachers," he says, "having itching ears." Seeking for such as speak to gnrtify and delight their hearers. Ver. 4. " And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and be turned unto fables." This he foretells, not as willing to throw him into despair, but to prepare him to bear it firmly, when it shall happen. As Christ also did in saying, " They will deliver you up, and they will scourge you, and bring you before the syna gogues, forMyname s sake." (Matt, x.i 7.) And this blessed man elsewhere says, " For I know this, that after my departure shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock." (Acts 1 Or, " comfort." 2 The word translated " reproof." 3 -See on Stat. Horn. xii.