3. The
Exposition of Details Continued. The Sitting Down on the
Grass. The Division into Companies.
We have spoken these things because of the words,
“
They that did eat were five thousand men, beside children and
women,
”
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which is an
ambiguous expression; for either those who ate were five thousand men,
and among those who ate there was no child or woman; or the men only
were five thousand, the children and the women not being
reckoned. Some, then, as we have said by anticipation, have so
understood the passage that neither children nor women were present,
when the increase and multiplication of the five loaves and the two
fishes took place. But some one might say that, while many ate
and according to their desert and capacity participated in the loaves
of blessing, some worthy to be numbered, corresponding to the men of
twenty years old who are numbered in the Book of Numbers,
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were Israelitish men, but others who were
not worthy of such account and numbering were children and women.
Moreover, interpret with me allegorically the children in accordance
with the passage, “I could not speak unto you as unto spiritual,
but as unto carnal, as unto babes in Christ;”
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and the women in accordance with the saying,
“I wish to present you all as a pure virgin to
Christ;”
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and the men
according to the saying, “When I am become a man I have put away
childish things.”
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Let us not
pass by without exposition the words, “
He commanded the
multitudes to sit down on the grass, and He look the five loaves and
the two
fishes, and looking
up to heaven, He blessed, and brake, and gave the loaves to the
disciples, and the disciples to the multitudes. And they did all
eat.
”
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For what is
meant by the words, “And He commanded all the multitudes to sit
down on the grass?” And what are we to understand in the
passage worthy of the command of Jesus? Now, I think that He
commanded the multitudes to sit down on the grass because of what is
said in Isaiah, “All flesh is grass;”
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that is to say, He commanded them to put the
flesh under, and to keep in subjection “the mind of the
flesh,”
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that so any one
might be able to partake of the loaves which Jesus blesses. Then
since there are different orders of those who need the food which Jesus
supplies and all are not nourished by equal words, on this account I
think that Mark has written, “And He commanded them that they
should all sit down by companies upon the green grass; and they sat
down in ranks by hundreds and by fifties;”
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but Luke, “And He said unto His
disciples, Make them sit down in companies about fifty
each.”
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For it was
necessary that those who were to find rest in the food of Jesus should
either be in the order of the hundred—the sacred
number—which is consecrated to God, because of the unit, (in it)
or in the order of the fifty—the number which embraces the
remission of sins, in accordance with the mystery of the Jubilee which
took place every fifty years, and of the feast at Pentecost. And
I think that the twelve baskets were in the possession of the disciples
to whom it was said “Ye shall sit upon twelve thrones judging the
twelve tribes of Israel.”
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And as
the throne of him who judges the tribe of Reuben might be said to be a
mystery, and the throne of him who judges the tribe of Simeon, and
another of him who judges the tribe of Judah, and so on with the
others; so there might be a basket of the food of Reuben, and another
of Simeon, and another of Levi. But it is not in accordance with
our present discourse now to digress so far from the subject in hand as
to collect what is said about the twelve tribes, and separately what is
said about each of them, and to say what each tribe of Israel may
signify.
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Matt. xiv. 21
.
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Num. i. 3
.
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1 Cor. iii. 1
.
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2 Cor. xi. 2
.
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1 Cor. xiii. 11
.
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Matt. xiv. 19, 20
.
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Isa. xl. 6
.
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Rom. viii. 6
.
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Mark vi. 39, 40
.
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Luke ix. 14
.
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Matt. xix. 28
.