They gave
themselves especially to the study of Holy Scripture, and to the
practice of devotional exercises. In their study their great
principle was to interpret the holy writings not by their own
individual judgment, but on the lines laid down for them by the
authority of ancient interpreters. Of uninspired commentators
they had the greatest respect for Origen, whose errors, however, they
happily avoided. From his exegetical writings they compiled a
book of Extracts, which they published in twenty-seven books, to which
they gave the name of Philocalia, i.e., what in modern language
is called a Christology. This is happily still extant, and is
valuable as preserving for us many passages otherwise lost, or existing
only in a Latin translation. Gregory sent a copy of this work to
his friend and subsequent companion at Constantinople, Theodore, Bishop
of Tyana, as an Easter gift many years afterwards, and accompanied it
with a letter, in which he speaks of the work as a memorial of himself
and Basil, and as intended for an aid to scholars; and begs that his
friend will give a proof of its usefulness, with the help of diligence
and the Holy Spirit. Socrates says that this careful study of
Origen was of the greatest service to the two friends in their
subsequent controversies with the Arians; for these heretics quoted him
in support of their errors, but the two Fathers were enabled to confute
them readily, by shewing that they were completely ignorant of the
meaning of Origen’s argument.