33. Now these the divinely-inspired
Scriptures of both the Old and the New Testament teach us. For
the God of the two Testaments is One, Who in the Old Testament foretold
the Christ Who appeared in the New; Who by the Law and the Prophets led
us to Christ’s school. For before faith came, we were
kept in ward under the law, and, the law hath been our tutor to
bring us unto Christ Gal. iii. 24. The Παιδαγωγός
is described by Clement of Alexandria (Paedag. i. 7) as one who
both conducts a boy to school, and helps to teach him,—an
usher: “under-master” (Wicliff).. And if ever
thou hear any of the heretics speaking evil of the Law or the Prophets,
answer in the sound of the Saviour’s voice, saying, Jesus came
not to destroy the Law, but to fulfil it Matt. v. 17.. Learn also diligently, and from the
Church, what are the books of the Old Testament, and what those of the
New. And, pray, read none of the apocryphal writings τῶν
ἀποκρύφων.
The sense in which Cyril uses this term may be learned from Rufinus
(Expositio Symboli, § 38), who distinguishes three
classes of books: (1) The Canonical Books of the Old and New
Testaments, which alone are to be used in proof of doctrine; (2)
Ecclesiastical, which may be read in Churches, including Wisdom,
Ecclesiasticus, Tobit, Judith, and the Books of the Maccabees, in the
Old Testament, and The Shepherd of Hermas, and The Two
Ways in the New Testament; (3) The other writings they called
“Apocryphal,” which they would not have read in
Churches. The distinction is useful, though the second class is
not complete.: for why dost thou, who knowest not
those which are acknowledged among all, trouble thyself in vain about
those which are disputed? Read the Divine Scriptures, the
twenty-two books of the Old Testament, these that have been translated
by the Seventy-two Interpreters The original source of
this account of the Septuagint version is a letter purporting to have
been written by Aristeas, or Aristæus, a confidential minister of
Ptolemy Philadelphus, to his brother Philocrates. Though the
letter is not regarded as genuine its statements are in part admitted
to be true, being confirmed by a fragment, preserved by Eusebius
(Præparatio Evangelica, ix. 6.), of a work of
Aristobulus, a Jewish philosopher who wrote in the reign of Ptolemy
Philometor, 181–146, b.c. Upon
these testimonies it is generally admitted that “the whole
Law,” i.e. the Pentateuch was translated into Greek at Alexandria
in the reign either of Ptolemy Soter (323–285, b.c.), or of his son Ptolemy Philadelphus (285–247,
b.c.), under the direction of Demetrius
Phalereus, curator of the King’s library..