That they may walk, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Deuteronomy 12:30, Deuteronomy 12:31). App-92. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. the God of Israel. See note on Isaiah 29:23. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. rebellious = perverse. See note on Ezekiel 2:3. stuff = vessels, or baggage. removing: i.e. for captivity. at even. The sign (Ezekiel 12:11) that the prince (Zedekiah) would try to escape by night (2 Kings 25:4. Jeremiah 39:4). Dig thou through the wall. The sign (Ezekiel 12:2) that Zedekiah would do this "betwixt the walls" (2 Kings 25:4. Jeremiah 39:4). cover thy face. The sign (Ezekiel 12:11) that Zedekiah would disguise himself. the ground = the land: i.e. the land Zedekish was going forth from and would never see again. Hebrew. eth haerez. a sign. Hebrew. ’oth. Compare Genesis 1:14. Divine portents as to things that were to come. as = according as, captivity. See notes on Ezekiel 12:3. the Lord God. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4, burden coneerneth the prince (i.e. Zedekiah). Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia (App-6), for emphasis. Hebrew. hannasi hammassa. Eng. "this grief [concerneth] the chief My net, &c.: i.e. the Chaldean army which overtook Zedekish. not see it. The Figure of speech Amphibologia, or AEnigma (App-6), as in Jeremiah 34:3. The explanation is given in 2 Kings 25:7, and Jeremiah 39:7; Jeremiah 39:52, Jeremiah 39:11. Zedekish was taken to Babylon, but he never saw it, though he died there, wind. Hebrew. ruach, App-9. draw out the sword, &c. See note on Ezekiel 5:2, Ezekiel 5:17. they shall know. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. I shall scatter them. Ref to Pent, (Leviticus 26:33. Deuteronomy 4:27; Deuteronomy 28:64). App-92. I will leave, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:27). men. Hebrew, plural of enosh. App-14. from. Some codices, with four early printed editions, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "and from", which em phasises the Figure of speech Polysyndeton (App-6), to enhance the completeness of the enumeration. heathen = nations. of the inhabitants = to the inhabitants. the land, &c. = concerning the land, &c. Hebrew admath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. her. Some codices, with one early printed edition, read "their". all. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version omitted this "all". the cities . . . shall be laid waste. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:31). App-92. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. what . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6. proverb. See the Structure, "i", on p. 1119. prolonged: i.e. protracted, or postponed. are at hand. The fulfilment took place five years later. effect = word: i.e. the [fulfilled] word, meaning, or purpose. vain vision.Compare Lamentations 2:14. house.Some codices, with one early printed edition (Rabbinic in margin), Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "sons". prolonged : i.e. delayed, or deferred. with the LORD = [isj Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. behold. Figure of speech Asterisnaos. App-6, the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. against = concerning. Some codices, and the special reading called Sevir (App-34), with Aramaean, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "against". the prophets. See the Structure, "M", above. The reference is to the false prophets of Israel. Compare Jeremiah 5:30, Jeremiah 5:31; Jeremiah 5:23, Jeremiah 5:9-32; Jeremiah 27:14; Jeremiah 29:8, Jeremiah 29:9, Jeremiah 29:22, Jeremiah 29:23. the Lord GOD. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. foolish. Hebrew. nabel. See note on Proverbs 1:7. their own spirit. Not the Holy Spirit. spirit. Hebrew. roach. App-9. foxes = jackals. deserts = ruins. gaps = breaches. hedge = fence or wall of a vineyard (Numbers 22:24. Psa. Ezekiel 80:12. Isaiah 5:5). saying, ’ The LORD saint ’ = saying [it] is Jehovah’s oracle. they would confirm the word = their word would be confirmed. saith it; albeit, &c. A solemn warning as to some of the changes made in tbe Vulgate versions. Compare Ezekiel 2:5-7. Jeremiah 23:21. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. assembly = secret council. writing = register. land = soil. Hebrew. ’admath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. ye shall know, &c. This formula occurs only here, Ezekiel 23:49; and Ezekiel 24:24 (not the same as Ezekiel 13:14; Ezekiel 6:7, &c.) Because, even because. Figure of speech Epizeuxis. App-6. one built = be: i.e. one = a false prophet. a wall = the outer wall of a house. lo. Fig, Asteriemos. App-6. others: i.e. the false prophets. Compare Ezekiel 13:16. daubed = coated, untempered mortar = whitewash. Compare Matthew 28:29. Acts 23:3. shower = rain. Compare Matthew 7:25, Matthew 7:27. wind. Hebrew ruach. App-9. it.Feminine, referring to ruach (the wind in Ezekiel 13:11), ye shall know,&c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. visions = a vision. peace. Reference to meaning of the word Jerusalem. set thy face against, &c. This required Divine courage on the part of Ezekiel. Compare Ezekiel 14:8; Ezekiel 20:46; Ezekiel 21:2; Ezekiel 29:2; Ezekiel 29:38, Ezekiel 29:2. their own heart. Compare verses: Ezekiel 13:2, Ezekiel 13:3 and a similar transition from men to women in Isaiah 3:16, Isaiah 3:17. sew pillows to all armholes = sew together coverings upon all the joints of My hands: i.e. hide from the People the hands of Jehovah lifted up and stretched forth in judgment (Isaiah 26:11; Isaiah 5:2, Isaiah 5:10). pillows coverings for purposes of concealment. Hebrew. Kesathoth (occurs only here and in Ezekiel 13:20), from kasah, to conceal, to hide. First occurrence (of kasah) Genesis 7:19, Genesis 7:20; Genesis 9:23; Genesis 18:17; Genesis 24:65; Genesis 37:26; Genesis 38:14, Genesis 38:15, &c . The object is shown in Isaiah 26:11. armholes = My hands; referring to the judgments they were to execute (Ezekiel 14:9, Ezekiel 14:13). Compare verses: Ezekiel 9:21, Ezekiel 9:22, Ezekiel 9:23. The Septuagint renders it proskephalaia = for the head. make kerchiefs upon the head of every stature = make mantles to cover the heads (and therefore the eyes) of those on whom the judgments of God’s hand were about to fall, lest they should see. kerchiefs = wraps that cleave close round the head. Hebrew. mispahoth (occurs only here), from saphah, to join, or cleave closely. Saphah occurs 1 Samuel 2:36 (put = attach); Ezekiel 26:19 (abiding = cleaving). Job 30:7 (gathered together). Iea. Ezekiel 14:1 (cleave). Hab. Ezekiel 2:15 (puttest = holdest). The object being to cover the head so that God’s hand may not be seen (Isaiah 26:11). stature = tall figure. Hebrew komah = height. First occurrence Genesis 6:15 . Compare 1 Samuel 16:7 (his stature); Ezekiel 25:20, &c. Put, here, for every man of high or lofty station: i, e. for the princes or rulers in Jerusalem, whose eyes were blinded by these false prophetesses. hunt = harry, or ensnare. souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-1B. Put hereby Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for the People. Will ye . . . ? This is not a question, but a statement. to slay, &c. to prophesy (falsely) that they should be slain. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject). App-6. to save, &c. = to promise life to those who should not live. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6. your. Masculine suffix, indicating unwomanly character. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. fly = escape. I will tear. So that these wraps could be torn away. your. Feminine suffix. the righteous = a righteous one. the wicked = a lawless one. Hebrew. rasha. App-44. his wicked way = his wrong way. Heb raa. App-44. by . . . life. Here the Figures in Ezekiel 13:20 are translated. life. Continuance in life: i.e. escape from the judgments announced by Jehovah. Then came certain of the elders of Israel. These are to be distinguished from the elders of Judah (Ezekiel 8:1). They had no knowledge (probably) of what was transpiring in Judaea. They had travelled from Tel = abib. the elders. See the Structure (p. 1097). Israel. See Ezekiel 8:11, Ezekiel 8:12; Ezekiel 8:6, Ezekiel 9:6. in Ezekiel 8:1 we have Judah’s elders. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. men. Hebrew, plural of ’enosh. App-14. idols = manufactured idols. iniquity = perversity. Hebrew ’dvah. App-44. before their face. Instead of God’s law, according to Deuteronomy 6:8; Deuteronomy 11:18; and Proverbs 3:21-23. the Lord GOD. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Every man. Hebrew. ish, ’ish. App-14. before = in front of, or right before. will answer, &c. = have been replied to for him; he hath come amid [the] multitude of his idols: i.e. he hath answered My claims by classing his idols with Me. The form is Niphal which in all its three occurances is rendered Passive, except here and Ezekiel 14:7. See Job 11:2; Job 19:7, and Proverbs 21:13. turn yourselves = turn ye. will answer, &c. = and being replied to for him in Myself: i.e. by his comparing his idols with Me. See note on Ezekiel 14:4. I will set My face, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 17:10; Leviticus 26:17). App-92. man. Hebrew. ’ish. App-14. will make him, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 26:10. Deuteronomy 28:37). Some codices, with eight early printed editions, read "will make him desolate, for a sign and a proverb". I will cut him off, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 17:14. Exodus 12:15, Exodus 12:19; Exodus 30:33, Exodus 30:38. Leviticus 7:20, Leviticus 7:21, Leviticus 7:25, Leviticus 7:27; Leviticus 17:4, Leviticus 17:9; Leviticus 19:8; Leviticus 23:29. Numbers 9:13, &c.) App-92. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. have deceived. Hebrew idioms = have permitted him to be deceived: i.e. as a judicial punishment for his own deception of the People. I will stretch out, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 6:20, &c.) they shall bear the punishment, &c. Heb to Pentateuch (Exodus 28:38. Leviticus 5:1, Leviticus 5:17. Numbers 14:34, &c.) transgressions = rebellions. Hebrew. pasha’. App-44, God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. saith the Lord God, = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the land = a land. sinneth. Hebrew. chata. App-44. trespassing. Hebrew ma’al. App-44. Note the Figure of speech Polyptoton (App-6). Hebrew - to trespass a trespass i.e. to trespass exceedingly. See note on Genesis 26:28. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 5:16; Leviticus 6:2; Leviticus 26:40. Numbers 5:6, Numbers 5:12, Numbers 5:27). App-92. break the staff of the bread. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:26. &c.) App-92. of = that is to say. Genitive of Apposition. App-17. man. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. three men. In Jeremiah 15:1, we have two men, "Moses and Samuel", as intercessors. See note there. Here we have "three men", also as intercessors. All three prevailed in saving others. Noah (1 Peter 3:20). Daniel (Ezekiel 2:5; Ezekiel 2:48-49). Job (Ezekiel 42:8-10). Noah, Daniel, and Job. This order is determined by the Structure, which is an Introversion, in order to separate the true Israelite (of the nation of Israel) from the two who lived before the nation was formed (which is the subject of the book of Exodus). Noah. Earlier than Job, but before Israel was a nation. Daniel. A true Israelite. Job. Later than Noah, but before Israel was a nation. Noah prevailed in saving others (the whole human race). Genesis 6-9. Daniel prevailed in saving his fellow wise men (Daniel 2:24). He is mentioned again in 28.:3. While Ezekiel bears witness to Daniel (already fourteen years in Babylon) Daniel bears witness to Jeremiah (Daniel 9:2). souls = soul. Hebrew nephesh. App-13. If I cause noisome beasts, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:22). App-92. noisome = annoying, hurtful. if I bring a sword, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:25). See Ezekiel 5:17. How much more, &c. National judgments are thus sent for national sins. Compare Ezekiel 14:13. behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. remnant. This is always used in a good sense. their way &c.: i.e. their good way and doings. evil. Hebrew raa. App-44. they: i.e. the remnant of Eze 14:22. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. than a. Supply the Ellipsis [What is a vine] branch" is = hath come to be. pin = peg. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-8. cast into the fire. Compare John 15:6. Is it meet. ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-8. the Lord God. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. so will I give. Fulfilled in 2 Kings 25:9. I will set My face. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 17:10). ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. committed a trespass. Figure of speech Polyptoton. App-6. Hebrew "trespassed a trespass" for emphasis = committed a great trespass, as in Ezekiel 14:13. trespass. Hebrew. ma’al, App-44. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Jerusalem is the subject of this chapter by interpretation. Note the Figure of speech Prosbpographia (App-6). Not the nation as such. By application, the reader may, by grace, refer it to himself. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. birth, &c. = excisions and kinships. Compare Isaiah 61:1. Only other occurrences, Ezekiel 21:30; Ezekiel 29:14. thy father, &c. i.e. thy founder. This refers to the first builders of Jebus; not to Abraham and his seed. Jebus was a Canaanite city. See App-68. Thus Satan occupied in advance both land and capital as soon as the promise to Abraham was known. See App-23and App-26. to supple = to cleanse. salted: i.e., rubbed, or washed with salt. This is the custom in the Land to = day. person = soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. in the day. See App-18. when. This word is not in the Hebrew text. polluted = trodden under foot. Referring to the city, of course. when thou . . . blood, &c. Note the Figure of speech Epizeneia (App-6), for emphasis. Canaanite cities were founded in blood, as proved to-day by human sacrifices discovered on the foundations. See note on s Kings Ezekiel 9:15-17. hast increased = didst increase. This does not refer to the increase in Egypt, but to the city. All the tenses in this verse should be past tenses. fashioned = developed. behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. thy . . . thee : i.e. the city. Not the nation at Sinai, thy time, &c. Of this covenant nothing has been recorded. The secret is here first revealed. I spread My skirt, he. The symbolic act to-day, signifying the taking under one’s protection. Common in the East for marrying. Compare Rth 3:9. saith the Lord God [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. badgers’ skin. Similarly so used to present day. Reference to Pentateuch Exodus 25:5, Exodus 26:14. Numbers 4:6. App-92. Occurs elsewhere, only here no reference to the tabernacle. on thy forehead = in thy nose. Referring to the decorations, &c., of the city after being occupied by David. fine flour, &c. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for all kinds of delicacies, exceeding beautiful. Hebrew. me od meod. Figure of speech Epiz euxis (App-6), thus well rendered. a kingdom. Hence the expression, "Judah and Jerusalem", the latter being reckoned as a separate kingdom. heathen = nations. trust = confide. Hebrew. batah. App-69. playedst the harlot. All these expressions that follow are to be interpreted of idolatry, and not to sins of the flesh, to which they are likened. fornications: i.e. idolatrous acts. the like things. Supply the Ellipsis better thus: "thereupon: [saying] they (the curses) come not, and it (the threatened judgment) will not be. " of men = of the male: i.e. the Phallus, referring to the Asherah. See App-42. whoredom = idolatry. them = i.e. these images. meat. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for all kinds of food. for a sweet savour. Reference to Pentateuch. A legal phrase, found only in Ezekiel outside the Pentateuch. But in Ezekiel four times: via Ezekiel 6:13; Ezekiel 16:19; Ezekiel 20:28, Ezekiel 20:41. See notes on Genesis 8:21. Leviticus 1:9. App-92. thus it was = [so] it became. sacrificed, &c. As offerings to idols. Compare Ezekiel 16:36; Ezekiel 20:26, Ezekiel 20:31; Ezekiel 23:39. 2 Kings 16:3. Psalms 106:37, Psalms 106:38. Isaiah 57:5. Jeremiah 7:31; Jeremiah 32:35, &c. whoredoms = idolatries. See notes on Ezekiel 16:15. slain My children. See note on Ezekiel 16:20, above. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:21). App-92. children = sons. abominations. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for that which Jehovah abominated, polluted = wallowing, or weltering. wickedness. Hebrew. ra’a’. App-44. woe, woe. Note the Figures of speech Cataplace and Epiaeuxie (App-6), for emphasis. eminent places = brothel house. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6, for the idol’s temple. I have stretched out My hand, &c. Reference to Petit. (Exodus 7:19, &c.) App-92. over = against. ordinary food = allowance. Referring to food as measured out to captives or slaves. will = desire. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. great of flesh = lustful. Referring to their idolatries. unto Chaldea = Assyrian idolatry as well as Egyptian (Ezekiel 16:26). See the Structure, above. imperious = headstrong, or without shame. woman = wife. Compare Ezekiel 16:32. hire. See note on "reward", Ezekiel 16:34. But as = [Thou halt been]. give gifts = give fees. gifts = presents. hirest = bribest. reward = hire. Used especially for the hire of fornication. Hebrew. ethnan. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 23:18). App-92. Used outside the Pentateuch only in Ezekiel 16:31 (hire), Ezekiel 16:33, Ezekiel 16:41. Isaiah 23:17 (hire), Isaiah 23:18 (hire). Hosea 9:1 (reward). Micah 1:7 (hire). harlot = idolatress. filthiness. Hebrew = brass. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for money’s worth: i.e. the money of the brothel. See Ezekiel 16:31. idols = manufactured gods. and by = even as. gather = gather out. as = with the judgments meted out to: i.e. by death (Leviticus 20:20. Deuteronomy 22:22. John 8:5). Compare Genesis 38:24. a company = a military host. women: i. e idolaters, or idolatrous cities. fretted Me = chafed at Me: i.e. at my laws. Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate read "enraged Me". thou shalt not, &c.: i.e. I will not allow this greatest evil by suffering it to go unpunished, and thus conniving at it (referring to Leviticus 19:29. App-92. proverb = derisive proverb. Figure of speech Paroemia. App-6. thine elder: or, thy greater. daughters. Put by Figure of speech Prosopopoeia (App-6), for villages or neighbouring towns. younger: or, lesser. as if that were . . . thing. The Ellipsis is wrongly supplied. See further note a very little = a very little time, or quickly. See note on "almost" (Proverbs 5:14). as thou hast done. Sodom does not mean Jerusalem here, but it refers to the Sodom of Gen 19. Sodom had not Jerusalem’s privileges: hence her transgression was less. Compare Ezekiel 16:46, and Matthew 11:20-24. was = came to be. abundance of = luxurious: i.e. security of ease. Compare Deuteronomy 11:21. as I saw good. Some codices read "when I saw it", with margin "as thou sawest". Better to omit "good". Compare Genesis 18:21. as = according to what. sins. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. they : i.e. Samaria and Sodom, are = will prove. more righteous. See note on Ezekiel 16:49. sisters. Samaria and Sodom. When I: or, When therefore I. bring again their captivity = restorethem; referring not to any return of captives, but to a restoration of prosperity. See notes on Deuteronomy 30:3, Job 42:10. Psalms 126:1. Sodom. If the waters of the Dead Sea are to be healed, there is no reason why there should not be a restoration as here stated. Compare Ezekiel 47:8. Zechariah 14:8. will I bring again. Aramaean, Septuagint, and Vulgate read these words in the text. discovered = unveiled. as at the time of thy. Septuagint and Vulgate read "as now [thou] art". Compare Ezekiel 23:43. Syria. Hebrew. aram. Some codices, with two early printed editions, read "adam" = men (Daleth = D), being road for Resh = R). the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Some codices, with three early printed editions, read "Adonai". App-4. oath . . . covenant. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 29:12, Deuteronomy 29:14). These words are thus found together here, and in Ezekiel 17:13, Ezekiel 17:16, Ezekiel 17:18, Ezekiel 17:19; but nowhere else in Scripture. everlasting covenant. See notes on Genesis 9:16 and lsa. Ezekiel 44:7. am pacified toward thee = have accepted a propitiatory covering for thee. The LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. riddle = enigma. Hebrew. chidah = a difficult or per plexing problem put forth for solution. Occurs in Judges 14:1 Judges 14:2, Judges 14:13, Judges 14:14, Judges 14:15, Judges 14:16, Judges 14:17, Judges 14:18, Judges 14:19 (= riddle). Numbers 12:8. 1 Kings 10:5. 2 Chronicles 9:1 (= dark sayings). Psalms 49:4. Proverbs 1:6, &c. Distinct from a "parable". Compare Psalms 78:2 (= dark sayings). Daniel 8:23. Habakkuk 2:6 (= "proverb"). parable = the comparing of one thing with another. Not the same as "riddle" (enigma). the Lord GoD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. A great eagle. Tho king of Babylon. longwinged = long-pinioned, as in Ezekiel 17:7. feathers = plumage. the highest branch. Jeleoiachin (i.e. Jeconiah, or Coniah). See Ezekiel 17:12; find Jeremiah 22:23, Jeremiah 22:24. top = topmost. traffick. Babylon. the seed of the land. Zedokiah. See Ezekiel 17:6 and Ezekiel 17:13. Nebuchadnezzar did not set up a Chaldean king over Judah, but nourished Zedekiah, as verses: Ezekiel 17:5, Ezekiel 17:6 show. turned toward him. Zedekiah being dependent upon Nebuchadnezzar. another great eagle. Pharaoh Hophra, king of Egypt. bend her roots: i.e. looked for succour to Egypt. Compare verses: Ezekiel 17:5, Ezekiel 17:8 water it. From the Nile. soil = field. Shall it prosper? &c. This is Jehovah’s sentence on the perfidy of Zedekiah in breaking his oath to Nebuchadnezzar. Compare Ezekiel 17:13 and the Structure (S1, S2, S3). Those who interpret this enigma of Zedekiah’s daughters are hereby warned that their interpretation shall not prosper. See notes on Ezekiel 17:22 and Ezekiel 17:24. spring = sproutings. behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. it: i.e. the vine. wind. Hebrew. ruach, App-9. rebellious house. See note on Ezekiel 2:5. taken, &c. Compare 2 Kings 24:30. covenant . . . oath. See note on Ezekiel 16:59. taken an oath. See 2 Chronicles 36:13. base = low. he rebelled, &c. See 2 Kings 24:20. 2 Chronicles 36:13. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adenai Jehovah’s oracle. in the midst of Babylon, &c. Compare Ezekiel 12:13. company = gathered force. make for him = help him persons = souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. given his hand. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for making a covenant (2 Kings 10:13. Ezra 10:19. Jeremiah 50:15). spread My net upon him. Compare Ezekiel 12:13; Ezekiel 32:3. plead = reckon. Compare Ezekiel 20:36; Ezekiel 38:22. trespass that he hath trespassed. See note on Ezekiel 15:8. all his fugitives. Compare Ezekiel 12:14. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. the highest branch. Sets forth the restoration of the kingdom in the Messiah. branch. Compare Jeremiah 23:5, Jeremiah 23:6; Jeremiah 33:15. Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12; and Isaiah 4:2. a tender one. Compare Isaiah 11:1; Isaiah 53:1, Isaiah 53:2, The Chaldee Targum interprets this of the Messiah. Those who interpret this of Zedekiah’s "younger daughter" are guilty of substituting her for the Messiah Himself; Whose future kingdom is to be "in the mountain of the height of Israel", and not in any other country; or, during the present dispensation. See notes on or Ezekiel 23:24. In the mountain, &c. Compare Isaiah 2:2, Isaiah 2:3; Isaiah 54:1-17; Isaiah 62:1-7. bring forth boughs = exalt its branch. I the LORD, &c. He will prosper His work. This is in contrast with verses: Ezekiel 17:9, Ezekiel 17:10 (S1), and verses: Ezekiel 17:15-21 (S2), which would not prosper. The word = And the word. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. the land = the soil. Hebrew. ’admatk. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. The fathers, &c. Compare Jeremiah 31:29, Jeremiah 31:30. children’s = sons. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the Lord God. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. any more. This refers to a future time, which has not yet come (Jeremiah 31:29, Jeremiah 31:30). Till then it is otherwise (Ezekiel 21:3. Lamentations 5:2), and has been since Genesis 3. Compare Romans 5:12-21. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. souls = persons. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. sinneth. Descendants were not punished for the sins of their ancestors, unless they persevered in their ancestors’ sins. Compare Exodus 20:5. Matthew 23:30-32. Here Hebrew. chata’, App-44. die. Die and live in this chapter are used in the sense of Eze 8:18. man. Hebrew. ’ish. App-14. eaten, &c. Implies sacrificing and partaking of the idolatrous feast. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 12:2 compared with verses: Ezekiel 18:11, Ezekiel 18:15). App-92. hath lifted up his eyes, he. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for worship. defiled, Be. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:20; Leviticus 20:10). come near. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:19; Leviticus 20:18). hath not oppressed, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:21. Leviticus 25:14. Deuteronomy 23:10). App-92. hath restored, he. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:26. Deuteronomy 24:6, Deuteronomy 24:10, Deuteronomy 24:12, Deuteronomy 24:13). App-92. hath given his bread, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 15:7, Deuteronomy 15:8). hath not given forth, &c. Ref’. to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:25, Leviticus 25:36, Leviticus 25:37. Deuteronomy 23:19). App-92. iniquity = trickery. Hebrew. ’aval. App-44. Not the same word as in verses: Ezekiel 18:17, Ezekiel 18:18, Ezekiel 18:19, Ezekiel 17:20, Ezekiel 17:30. hath executed, he. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:15, Leviticus 19:35. Deuteronomy 1:16, Deuteronomy 1:17; Deuteronomy 16:18-20). App-92. Hath walked, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:5. Deuteronomy 4:1; Deuteronomy 5:1; Deuteronomy 5:6, Deuteronomy 5:1, Deuteronomy 5:2; Deuteronomy 10:12, Deuteronomy 10:13; Deuteronomy 11:1). he shall surely live. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:5), live. See note on Leviticus 18:5. a robber. Ref to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:2. Leviticus 19:13), a shedder of blood. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 9:6. Exodus 21:12. Numbers 35:31). App-92. his blood shall be upon him. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 20:9, Leviticus 20:11, Leviticus 20:12, Leviticus 20:13, Leviticus 20:16, Leviticus 20:27). App-92. hath not, &c. Some codices, with two early printed editions, Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "and bath not", &c. the poor = the oppressed. The Septuagint reads "injustice", as in Ezekiel 18:8. iniquity. Hebrew. ’avah. App-44. Not the same word as in or. Ezekiel 8:24, Ezekiel 8:26. people = peoples The son, he. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 24:26). App-92. the righteous = a righteous one. wickedness . . . the wicked. Hebrew. rasha’. App-44. the wicked = a lawless one. Hebrew text margin, with some codices and three early printed editions, read lawless ones". all his sins. Hebrew text reads "any sin of his"; but the margin, some codices, and two early printed editions, read "all his sins". he shall not die, Note the Figure of speech Pleonasm (App-6), here, Some codices, with one early printed edition, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "and not die". transgressions. Heb, pasha’. App-44. mentioned unto = remembered against, No "purgatory "here. Have I any pleasure. ? Answered in Ezekiel 18:32. ways. Many codiecs, with eight early printed editions, read plural; but others, with Aramaean, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "way" (singular) saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. righteousness. So Hebrew text; but margin, with scone codices and one early printed edition, read plural = "none of his righteous acts The Hebrew verb is plural trespass. trespassed. Hebrew. ma’ al. App-44. the LORD. This is one of the 134 places where the Sopherim say that they changed "Jehovah" of the primitive text to "Adonai". See App-32. equal, See note on "pondereth", Proverbs 21:2, unequal. Note the Figure of speech Anticategoria (App-6). whereby, &c. The = Septuagint reads "which ye have committed against Me". heart. spirit. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for all that is of the spirit, and not of the flesh. Compare Luke 1:44, Luke 1:47. John 4:24. "The flesh profiteth nothing" (John 6:63). spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-49. I have no pleasure. This is the answer to the question in Ezekiel 18:23. princes. Septuagint reads"prince"(singular) Here refers to Zedekiah. Israel. Put here for Judah. See note on 1 Kings 12:17. thy mother. Probably Hamutal, one of the wives of Josiah, the mother of Shallum (or Jehoahaz) and Zedekiah (2 Kings 23:31 and Ezekiel 24:18). The other son of Josiah (Jehoiakim) had a different mother (Zebudah). See 2 Kings 23:36. one of her whelps. Probably Jehoahaz (i.e. Shah lam), the youngest son of Josiah, is intended (1 Chronicles 3:15). catch = rend, men. Hebrew ’adam. App-14, taken in their pit. As a lion is taken (Psalms 35:7; Psalms 94:13). they: i.e. Pharaoh = necho (2 Kings 23:30-34. 2 Chronicles 36:1-4). Jeremiah laments his fate. See Jeremiah 22:10-12. another of her whelps. Probably Jehoiakim, an other son of Josiah (2 Kings 23:36. 2 Chronicles 36:1-4). Hardly Jehoiachin, who reigned only three months (2 Kings 24:8). But Jehoiakim reigned eleven years, and his character corresponds with Ezekiel 19:7-8, here. See 2 Kings 23:36; 2 Kings 24:1-6, Jeremiah 22:11-19. knew their desolate palaces. Aramaean and Septuagint read "injured or defiled his widows". knew = knew carnally. See 2 Chronicles 36:8. in ward in chains = in a cage with hooks (or hoops), as lions are represented on the monuments. See 2 Chronicles 36:5-7, and Jeremiah 22:13-19. king. Some codices read "land". Thy mother. Another Simile. See the Structure (W, p. 1130). in thy blood: or, in thy vineyard (according to Dr. C. D. Ginsburg). waters. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 8:7). App-92. wind. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. now, &c. Referring to Jeconiah and Ezekiel’s own days (1, 3; and 2 Kings 24:12-16). of a rod: or, of the rod: i.e. Zedekiah, who byhis perjury brought about the destruction of Jerusalem by fire, the seventh year. See the table on p. 1105. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah, with ’eth (= Jehovah Himself). App-4. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. unto = with. Some codices, with one early printed edition, Aramaean, Septuagint, and Vulgate, read’ unto". the elders of Israel. In the Captivity; who were being deceived by false prophets who predicted a speedy return. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Wilt thou . . . wilt thou . . . ? Note the Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6), for emphasis. when I chose Israel, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 6:7; Exodus 20:2. Deuteronomy 7:6). App-92. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for "I sware". Compare verses: Ezekiel 20:6, Ezekiel 20:15, Ezekiel 20:23, Ezekiel 6:28, Ezekiel 6:42, Genesis 14:22. Deuteronomy 32:40. Used seven times in Ezekiel 20. made Myself known, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 6:3), Egypt. Ezekiel speaks about Israel in Egypt more than any other prophet. See Ezekiel 25:8. In this chapter he mentions it seven times (verses: Ezekiel 20:5, Ezekiel 20:6, Ezekiel 20:7, Ezekiel 5:8, Ezekiel 5:8, Ezekiel 5:9, Ezekiel 5:10). the Lord your God Jehovah (App-4.) your Elohim. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. the = that. bring them forth, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Exodus 3:8, Exodus 3:17. Deuteronomy 8:7, Deuteronomy 8:8, Deuteronomy 8:9). App-92. espied = looked, or spied out, flowing with milk and honey. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 3:8, Exodus 3:17; Exodus 13:5; Exodus 33:3. Leviticus 20:24 Numbers 13:27; Numbers 14:8; Numbers 16:13, Numbers 16:14. Deuteronomy 6:3; Deuteronomy 11:9; Deuteronomy 11:26, Deuteronomy 11:9, Deuteronomy 11:15; Deuteronomy 27:3; Deuteronomy 31:20). Beside these passages it is found only in Ezekiel 20:6, Ezekiel 20:15. Joshua 5:4. Jeremiah 11:5; Jeremiah 32:22. the glory = the gazelle. Put by Figure of speech metonymy (of Subject), App-6, for "beauty". Compare Ezekiel 20:15. Psalms 48:2. every man. Heb. ’ish. App-14. abominations. Put by Figure of speech metonymy (of Cause, App-6, for that which Jehovah abominated. defile not yourselves, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:3). App-92. idols = manufactured gods. rebelled. See note on Ezekiel 2:5. pour out My fury, &c. Repeated in or Ezekiel 13:21, Ezekiel 13:33, Ezekiel 13:34. See the Structure, p. 1131. I wrought, &c. Repeated in no Ezekiel 14:22, Ezekiel 14:44. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 32:12. Numbers 14:13, &c.) App-92. heathen = nations. I caused, &c, Reference to Pentateuch (Ex. 13, &c.) App-92. I gave them, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:8). statutes . . judgments. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:1). which if a man do, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:5). man. Hebrew. ’ditto, . App-14. do = do [them]. he shall . . . live. See note on Leviticus 18:5. I gave them, &c. Ref, to Pentateuch (Exodus 20:8; Exodus 31:13). that they might know. Compare note on Ezekiel 6:10. than I said, I would, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 14:22, Numbers 14:23, Numbers 14:29; Ezekiel 26:65). App-92. I would not bring them into, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 14:32-33). App-92. Compare Psalms 95:11. them. Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate read "to them" in the text. their heart went, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 32:23). I said, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Numbers 14:32, Numbers 14:33; Numbers 32:13-15. Deuteronomy 4:3-6), App-92. children = sons. statutes, judgments. Like those of Omri (Micah 6:16). Compare Jeremiah 16:13, ye may know. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. rebelled. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 25:1, Numbers 25:2. Deuteronomy 9:23, Deuteronomy 9:24; Deuteronomy 31:27). App-92. they polluted My sabbaths. Some codices, with four early printed editions, add "even My sabbaths". withdrew, &c. Idiom for a relaxing of anger or refraining from punishment. I. Some codices, with three early printed editions, read "Yet even (or, also) I", as in Ezekiel 20:1 that I would scatter, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Leviticus 28:33. Deuteronomy 28:64). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 12:15, I gave them also statutes, its. In Hebrew idiom = I suffered others to give them statutes, it,: i.e. in their captivity. Active verbs in Hebrew were used to express not only the doing of the thing, but the permission of the thing which the agent is said to do. The verb nathan, to give, is therefore often rendered to suffer in this sense. See Genesis 31:7. Judges 15:1. 1 Samuel 24:7. 2 Samuel 21:10. Where not so actually rendered it means permission. Compare Ezekiel 14:9 Exodus 4:21; Exodus 5:22. Psalms 16:10. Jeremiah 4:10. The some idiom is used in N.T. (Matthew 6:13; Matthew 11:25; Matthew 13:11. Romans 9:18; Romans 11:7, Romans 11:8; 2 Thessalonians 2:11). committed a trespass = trespassed a trespass. Figure of speech Polyptoton (App-6), for emphasis = committed a great trespass. trespass = treachery. Hebrew. ma’al. App-44. As in Ezekiel 14:13 with Ezekiel 15:8. I polluted them, &c. See note on Ezekiel 20:25. The con = trast is with their pollution of God’s gifts (Ezekiel 20:16). pass through: or, pass over. The firstborn were to be passed over to Jehovah (Exodus 13:12); but they passed them (through the fire) over to Moloch (Leviticus 18:21. Deuteronomy 18:10). Note the references to Pentateuch here. App-92. What is the high place . . . ? Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia (App-6). Hebrew oath habhamdh, for emphasis, to mark the contrast between this idolatrous high place and Zion the true high and holy mountain (Ezekiel 20:40). Are ge . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6. your sons. Some codices, with two early printed editions, read "your sons and your daughters". mind = spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. with a mighty hand, he. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:34, &c.) will I rule = will I become king. people = peoples. the wilderness of the people. Probably another country which would be to them another wilderness in which they were tested as to whether they would hear. Like as I pleaded, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 14:21-23, Numbers 14:28, Numbers 14:29). App-92. See also Ezekiel 20:13 and Ezekiel 20:38. pass under the rod. This was the manner of counting the sheep, which were numbered as they passed under the shepherd’s club: implying here that none should be lost (Amos 9:9), and that the restored nation should be holy to Jehovah (Compare Ezekiel 20:40). Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 27:32). Occurs elsewhere only in Jeremiah 33:10). bond = binding obligation. Occurs only here. transgress. Hebrew. pasha’. App-44, into the land of Israel = on the soil of Israel. Thus illustrating Ezekiel 20:36. Hebrew ’atdmath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. Go ye, &c. Figure of speech Eironeia. App-6, Divine irony. every one = every man, as in verses: Ezekiel 20:20, Ezekiel 20:7-8. but: or, yet. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. in the mountain: i.e. Mcriah and Lion. See App-68. Compare Isaiah 2:2; Isaiah 5:4, Isaiah 5:1-7; Isaiah 62:1-9; Isaiah 65:17-25; Isaiah 66:20-23. require = seek. offerings = heave offerings. Hebrew. terumah. App-43. firstfruite of your oblations: i.e. firstfruit gifts or presents. Hebrew. mas’eth. Not the same word as in Ch. Ezekiel 44:45, and it, which isterumah = heave offering. ye shall lothe yourselves. Compare Ezekiel 16:61-63. evils. Same word as "wicked", Ezekiel 20:44. wicked. Hebrew. raa. App-44. the south = the Negeb. See note on Psalms 126:4. against: or, unto. Some codices read "toward". the south field: i.e. Judah and Jerusalem. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. And all flesh shall see. See the Structure above. flesh. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for the whole person. All flesh = all people, every one. parables. Thus intended to have the same purpose as the Lord’s parables. See Matthew 13:11. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. the land of Israel = the soil of Israel, Hebrew. ’admath Israel. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. draw forth My sword, See note on Ezekiel 5:2, Ezekiel 5:17, and Ezekiel 12:14. the righteous, &c. Therefore Ezekiel 18:2, Ezekiel 18:3, is not yet ful filled, but corresponds with the green tree and the dry of Eze 20:47. the righteous = a righteous one. the wicked = a lawless one. Heb, rasha’. App-44. it shall not return, &c.: i.e. until it has executed its mission. spirit. Hebrew. ruach, App-9. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. the LORD = Jehovah. App-4. Some codices, with three early printed editions (one Rabbinic in margin), read Adonai. App-4. A sword, a sword. Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6), for emphasis = a great or sharp sword. make a sore slaughter. Figure of speech Polyptbton (App-6), for emphasis. Hebrew to slay a slaughter. glitter = flash as lightning. should we then make mirth? or, "should we flourish [the sceptre of My son (i.e. of Judah? " it, &c. i.e. "Jehovah’s sword despiseth the [wooden] sceptre of My son (i.e. Judah), as [it despiseth] every tree". The Ellipsis is to be thus supplied. rod = sceptre. the slayer: i.e. the king of Babylon. it: i.e. the sword of Jehovah, the king of Babylon. princes = leaders. be = come. terrors by, &c. = who shall be delivered to the sword with My People. smite therefore, &c. This was the symbol of grief in man, as beating the breast was in woman. it is a trial = sit (Jehovah’s sword) has been tried (or proved). and what, &c. = and what [will happen or be the result] if [Jehovah’s sword shall not despise] the [wooden] sceptre? it shall be no more = it will not [despise it. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. smite thine hands together, &c. A sign of disappointment or grief in men. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 24:10). their ruins = the overthrown. So the Septuagint and Syriac. Compare Jeremiah 18:23. bright = bright as lightning. wrapped up keen, or sharp. Go thee. Figure of speech Apostrophe. App-6. Addressedto the sword. thee: i.e. the sword. Not Ezekiel. It is feminine, not masculine: = Go to the right, turn to the left: or, One stroke to the right, another to the left, &c. thy face = thine edge. I will also smite, &c. Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. App-6. that the sword . . . may come = for the sword to come. both twain = the two ways. choose thou a place = grave a hand: i.e. set up a sign = post. stood = bath come to a stand. to use divination = to divine a divination. made his arrows bright = hath shaken his arrows. This was one of the modes of divination by which the arrow (marked like a lot), gave the decision. images = teraphim. looked in, &c. = inspected the liver; another mode of divination. It healthy or double and the lobes inclined inward, the omen was favourable; but if diseased or too dry, or without a lobe or a band between the parts, the omen was unfavourable. appoint captains = set up battering-rams. Compare Ezekiel 4:2. the mouth in the slaughter = a hole by a breach. shouting = a war shout. and. Some codices, with four early printed editions (one Rabbinic in margin), Aramaean, Septuagint, and Syriac, read this "and" in the text. a fort = a siege wall. them: i.e. Zedekiah and the rulers in Jerusalem. sworn oaths. Referring to Zedekiah’s reacherous breach of faith with the king of Babylon. See Ezekiel 17:11-21. iniquity = treachery. Hebrew. ’avdh. App-44. transgressions = rebellion (plural of Majesty) = great rebellion. Hebrew. pasha’. App-44. sins. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. plural of Majesty = great sin. with the hand = captured, or made captives. profane = pierced through: i.e. deadly wounded one. Zedekiah a type of the future Antichrist. Compare Revelation 13:3. wicked = lawless. Hebrew. rasha . App-44. x, iniquity . . . an end. Figure of speech Hypallage. App-8, Hebrew "iniquity of the end" = an end of the iniquity. Hebrew. ’avah, as in Ezekiel 21:23. be the same: or, endure. They might exalt and abase. but Jehovah would not recognise it. overturn, &c. Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6), for great emphasis. until He come: i.e. the promised Messiah Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 49:10). App-92. See Isaiah 9:6, Isaiah 9:7; Isaiah 42:1. Jeremiah 23:5; Jeremiah 33:17. Zechariah 6:12, Zechariah 6:13, &c. their reproach. Brought against Jerusalem. See Jeremiah 49:1. Zephaniah 2:8. to consume = that when it beginneth it may flash like lightning. the wicked = wicked ones (plural) their. Refers to "them" (Ezekiel 21:23). men. Hebrew, plural of ’enosh. App-14. the LORD Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Ih son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. judge = pronounce judgment on. See Ezekiel 20:4; Ezekiel 23:36. bloody city = city of bloods: bloods (plural of Majesty) much blood. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Sebjeet), App-6, for great bloodshed: referring to those put to death for the truth’s sake by the wicked rulers. So in Cr Ezekiel 3:4, Ezekiel 6:12, Ezekiel 6:27. abominations = idolatries. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. idols = manufactured gods. days. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for the judgment inflicted in them. come even unto. Some codices, with Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "hast entered the time of". have I made thee a reproach . . . mocking. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 28:37). These words occur nowhere else. App-92. heathen = nations. those: i.e. those cities, much vexed = full of confusion. Behold. Figure of speech Asteriemes. App-6. princes = leaders. to their = according to their. set light by, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 27:16). dealt by oppression . . . vexed, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:21, Exodus 22:22). App-92. holy. See note on Exodus 3:6. profaned My sabbaths, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:30). men. Hebrew, plural of ’enesh. App-14. Hebrew men of slander. carry tales, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:16). App-92. eat upon the mountains : i.e. the idolatries practised on the mountains. Compare Ezekiel 18:6, discovered, &c. Ref to Pent, (Leviticus 18:7, Leviticus 18:8, Leviticus 18:9; Leviticus 20:11, Leviticus 20:17), App-92. set apart, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:13). App-92. committed abomination, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:20; Leviticus 18:20, Leviticus 18:10. Deuteronomy 22:22). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 18:11. lewdly defiled, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:15; Leviticus 20:12). humbled his sister. Ref, to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:9; Leviticus 20:17). taken gifts, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Exodus 23:8. Deuteronomy 16:19; Deuteronomy 27:25). taken usury, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:25. Leviticus 26. Deuteronomy 23:19). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 18:8. hast forgotten Me. Reference to Pentateuch (Ezekiel 32:18), saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. I have smitten Mine hand. See note on Ezekiel 21:17. have spoken it. Compare Ezekiel 21:17; and Numbers 23:19. I will scatter, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Deuteronomy 4:27; Deuteronomy 28:25, Deuteronomy 28:64). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 12:14, Ezekiel 12:15. shalt take thine inheritance = shalt be profaned in thyself (or on thine own account). brass = copper, or bronze, furnace : or crucible. dross. Lead put into the crucible with gold or silver causes the baser metals to retire, or form scoriae or dross at the sides of the crucible, leaving the pure gold or silver in the middle. But here the silver itself becomes the dross. Compare Ezekiel 22:12. I will leave you there. The letter? (Pe-P) in ve hippihti, in being transferred from the ancient Hebrew into the modern square character, was probably mistaken for the? (Nun = N), being much alike. If so, "I will blow" became "I will leave"; and the words "you there" had to be necessarily supplied. By this change the correspondence of the two verses (20, 21) is restored: - Ezekiel 22:20. Gather . . . blow . . . melt: Ezekiel 22:21. Gather . ., blow . . . melt. not cleansed = not to be rained upon. nor rained upon = nor to receive fruitful showers. prophets. Note the four classes here enumerated. See the Structure above; and verses: Ezekiel 22:26, Ezekiel 22:28, Ezekiel 22:28. souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. put no difference, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 10:10; Leviticus 11:47; Leviticus 22:22). App-92. have vexed . . . have oppressed, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:21; Exodus 23:9 . Leviticus 19:33, etc.) App-92. poor. Heb: ani. See note on Proverbs 6:11. man. Hebrew. ’ish. App-14. I found none. Compare Ezekiel 13:5, and Jeremiah 5:1. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. two women. Two sisters, representing respectively Samaria and Jerusalem. whoredoms = idolatries. Egypt. Compare Ezekiel 20:7, Ezekiel 20:8. pressed = handled, as in verses: Ezekiel 23:8, Ezekiel 23:21. bruised = squeezed (in natural use). Aholah. Hebrew. ’ahalah = [She has] her own tent. So named probably because Israel set up her own worship as distinct from Jehovah’s. elder. Refers not to age, but to extent. Aholibah. Hebrew. ’ahalibah = My tent [is] in her. the chosen, &c. = the choice of Asshur’s sons. So. verses: Ezekiel 23:9, Ezekiel 23:12. famous = a name: i.e. infamous. men. Hebrew, plural ’enosh. App-14. mind = Hebrew. nephesh. App-18, My mind. Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. App-6. like as = according as. calling to remembrance. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Cause), App-6, for the desiring of her former idolatries. harlot. Put for idolatress. in. Some codices read "from", as in Ezekiel 23:8 and Ezekiel 23:27. bruising. Aram, and Syriac read "handling", as in Ezekiel 23:3. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. Pekod . . . Shea . . . Roo. These Eastern peoples are all named in the inscriptions, wagons = chariots. an assembly = a gathered host. people = peoples. labour. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Cause), App-6, for the product of the labour. heathen = nations, idols = manufactured gods. cup. Compare Isaiah 51:17. Revelation 14:9, Revelation 14:10. break: or, gnaw, lest a drop should be lost. pluck off = tear out: i.e. destroy the occasions of their idolatry. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. lewdness . . . whoredoms. Put here by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Cause), App-8, for the punishment due to the idolatry. adultery. Put (like whoredom) for all idolatry, as being unfaithfulness to Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 16:15. caused = set apart. to pass, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:21; Leviticus 20:2-4), them. "Them" is masculine, and refers to the idols, in the first clause; and so, many codices, with six earlypriated editions (one Rabbinic). But some codices read feminine = themselves. defiled . . . profaned. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:31). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 22:8. children = sons. lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. men. Plural of ’mush. App-14. wash thyself. Compare Rth 3:3. paintedst, he. Compare 2 Kings 9:30. Jeremiah 4:30. a stately bed. Compare Proverbs 7:16-18. Isaiah 67:8, Isaiah 67:9, multitude, &c. = a careless throng. with her: or, in her: i.e. in Jerusalem. men of the common sort = men out of the mass of mankind. men. Hebrew, plural of ’enosh, App-14. the common sort. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. Sabeans. Hebrew text reads "drunkards", But margin, and some codices, with three early printed editions, read "Sebeans". and she = even hers. Ginsburg thinks it should read so it was". Compare Ezekiel 16:15, Ezekiel 16:19. they went. Hebrew text reads "came he". A special various reading called Sevir (App-34), with some codices, Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "came they". the righteous . . . shall judge. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 20:10). App-92. company = a gathered host. sins. Hebrew. chata. App-44. ye shall know, &c. Occurs only here, Ezekiel 13:9; and Ezekiel 24:24. Compare note on Ezekiel 6:7. the ninth year. Of Jehoiachin’s captivity. See the table, p. 1105. Compare Ezekiel 1:2. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. this same day. Compare 2 Kings 26:1. Jeremiah 39:1; Jeremiah 52:4. The captives of Israel thus knew what was going on in Jerusalem. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. pot: or, caldron, using the words of the scoffers in Ezekiel 11:3, and compare Jeremiah 1:13. burn = pile up. bones. Ginsburg thinks we should read "wood". them. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "him". the bloody city. See note on Ezekiel 22:2. scum = verdigris. Occurs only in this chapter. let no lot fall, &c. Signifying that the city was to be destroyed, not lotted out to or by the conquerors. not. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version omitted this "not". to cover it with duet. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 17:13). 10 spice it well, &c.: or, boil it down till only the bones are left. brass = copper. hot = scorched. shall be in the fire. Ginsburg thinks it should read "with a stench". saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the desire of thine eyes. Put by the Figure of speech Periphrasis (App-6): for Ezekiel’s wife. A symbol of Jerusalem, See Ezekiel 24:21. stroke: or plague. bind, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 10:6; Leviticus 13:45; Leviticus 21:10). cover not thy lips. Compare Micah 3:7. the bread of men : i.e. the bread or food brought to the house of mourners. Compare Jeremiah 16:5-7. Hosea 9:4, men. Hebrew, plural of ’enosh. App-14. as = according as. desire . . . pitieth. Note the Figure of speech Paronomaeia (App-6), to call attention to the emphasis. Hebrew. mahmad. . . mahmal. soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. left = left behind. ye shall not. Some codices read "yet shall ye neither". mourn moan. iniquities. Hebrew. ’avah. App-44, in the day See App-18. desire = delight. minds = souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. he that escapeth. This we find exactly fulfilled in eh. Ezekiel 33:21, by the flight, on the fifth day of the tenth month, in the twelfth year. no more dumb: i.e. as regards his nation and his testimony to it. In the interval his prophecies are concerning other nations (Ezekiel chapters 25-32). they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Ammonites, See Ezekiel 21:28. Ammon was a party to the plot against Gedaliah, the governor whom Nebuchadnezzar appointed after the destruction of Jerusalem, See Jeremiah 40:14; Jeremiah 41:10, Jeremiah 41:15. the Lord God. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. the land of Israel = the soil of Israel. Hebrew ’admath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. Behold. Fig, Asterismos. App-6. I will deliver. Josephus (Antiquities x. 9, 7) tells us that Nebuchadnezzar subdued the Ammonites and Moabites in the fifth year after the destruction of Jerusalem. Compare Jeremiah 49:23. the man of the east: i.e. the Babylonians. See Ezekiel 21:19, Ezekiel 21:20. Jeremiah 25:21. men = sons. palaces. Hebrew rows: i.e. of tents encampments. Rabbah. See Deuteronomy 3:11. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. heart. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. upon. A special various reading called Sevir (App-34) reads "against". heathen = nations. people = peoples. thou shalt know, &c. So in Ezekiel 16:22 Ezekiel 22:16; Ezekiel 25:7; Ezekiel 35:4. Moab. Descended from Lot, like the Ammonites (Genesis 19:37). Usually hostile to Israel. Beth = jeshimoth. Now ’Ain Surveirneh, near the north-east corner of the Dead Sea (Numbers 33:49. Joshua 12:3; Joshua 13:20). Baal = meon. Now Tell M’ain (Numbers 32:38. 1 Chronicles 5:8. of, two miles south of Heshbon. Kiriathaim. Now el Hdreiyat, between Dibon and Medeba (Jeremiah 48:1, Jeremiah 48:23). they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10 Edom. Descended from Esau (Genesis 36:1, Genesis 36:43). For their unbrotherly spirit, see Psalms 137:7. Lamentations 4:21, Lamentations 4:22; and Obadiah 1:10-16, man. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. Taman. A grandson of Esau (Genesis 36:11). A town or city in Edom, not yet identified. by the hand, &c. See Numbers 24:17-19. saith the Lord God = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the Philistines. Compare Psalms 60:8, Psalms 60:9; Psalms 108:9, Psalms 108:10. Isaiah 11:14. cut off the Cherethims. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia (App-6), for emphasis. Hebrew. lrikralti larethim; in English, I will cut off the cutters off. Cherethims. A tribe of the Philistines (1 Samuel 30:14. Zephaniah 2:5). David’s body-guard, drawn partly from them. vengeance. Hebrew, plural = great vengeance. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. the eleventh year. The month not given; but see Jeremiah 39:1-7; Jeremiah 52:4-11. See note on Ezekiel 30:20. Jerusalem fell probably in the fifth month, after the fall but before the destruction in that year of the Temple (2 Kings 25:8). Compare Ezekiel 26:2. This prophecy began to be fulfilled then, and Tyre was taken by Nebuchadnezzar after a thirteen years’ siege (see Isaiah 23:1), and Josephus (Antiquities x. 11, 1; cont. Apion, i. 20); but not completely fulfilled till later. Jehovah secs the end from the beginning, and speaks of it by way of prophetic foreshortening. "The day of Jehovah" (Ezekiel 30:3) looks forward to the end. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Tyrus = Tyre, the city. Now, es Sur, Hebrew, tzur = a rock, people = peoples. she is turned: i.e. the tide of her traffic. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4 Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. the top of a rock = a bare rock. the midst of the sea. Tyre was on a promontory spreading out into the sea. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle, Nebuchadrezzar. Occurs thus spelled four times in this book (here; Ezekiel 29:18, Ezekiel 29:19; and Ezekiel 30:10). See note on Daniel 1:1. companies = a gathered host. daughters which are in the field = her daughter cities and towns inland. engines of war = battering rams. Occurs only here. axes = weapon garrisons. or, pillars. Seen in vast numbers in the ruins to-day. thou. The 1611 edition of tho Authorized Version reads "they". be built no more. Zidon’s fate has boon different. Its extinction was not prophesied. See Ezekiel 28:20-26. the LORD. The Syriac and Vulgate, with some codices, and two early printed editions, omit "Jehovah" here. isles = coastlands, or maritime countries. trembling. Hebrew, plural = a great trembling. take up = raise. a lamentation = a dirge. that wast inhabited of seafaring men: or, that west an abode from the seas. The Syriac kataluo means to lodge, and is the rendering of Hebrew. yashab in Numbers 25:1. descend into the pit. The people of Tyre are meant, as joining those who were dead and buried. and I shall set glory. This is either a parenthetical contrast referring to Jerusalem (with which the prophecy begins, Ezekiel 26:2), or we may read, with Septuagint, "nor yet arise", &c, completing the end of Tyre, as in Ezekiel 26:21. in the land of the living. This expression occurs eight times without the Article ("the" living): here; Ezekiel 32:23, Ezekiel 32:24, Ezekiel 32:26, Ezekiel 32:26, Ezekiel 32:27, Ezekiel 32:32; and Psalms 27:13. It occurs three times with the Article ("the living "). See note on Isaiah 38:11. In each case it refers to the condition of life, is contrast with "Sheol ’, which is the condition of death. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1, Tyrus. See note on Ezekiel 26:2. the entry, &c. Denoting the insular Tyre. people = peoples. isles = coast, or maritime lands. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. builders = sons. Compare Iea. 62. c. ship boards = planks. fir = cypress. Senir = Mount Hermon (Deuteronomy 3:9). the company of the Ashurites, &c. = a daughter (or branch) of the Ashurites, &c. Ginsburg thinks this clause should read, "they have made thy benches with ivory [and] box = wood (or cypress)"; reading bith’ashshurim instead of bath-’aehshurim (= a daughter, or branch of the Ashurites), dividing and pointing the words differently. See note on Ezekiel 31:3; and compare Isaiah 41:19; Isaiah 60:13. Chittim. Probably Cyprus. Elishah. Probably the Greek AEolis: i.e. the coasts of Peloponnesus. Mentioned in Genesis 10:4 with Javan (Ionia). Arvad. Now the island Er Ruad. Mentioned in 1 Macc 15:23. mariners = rowers. that were = they [were]. ancients = elders. Gebal. Now Jebeil, on the coast between Beirut and Tripolis. occupy = barter, or trade. Lud . . . Phut. Compare Genesis 10:6, Genesis 10:13, men. Hebrew, plural of ’enosh. App-14. men = sons. Gammadims: or, valiant men. Tarshish. See note on 1 Kings 10:22. fairs, Occurs only in this chapter, and here, seven times: verses: Ezekiel 27:12, Ezekiel 27:14, Ezekiel 27:16, Ezekiel 12:19, Ezekiel 12:22, Ezekiel 12:27, Ezekiel 12:33 ("wares "). Javan = Ionia. Compare Genesis 10:4. These are named together in Genesis 10:2. persons = souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. Referring to the slave trade. See Revelation 18:13. men = mankind. Hebrew ’adam. App-14. house: Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6, for descendants. Togarmah (Genesis 10:3). Probably Armenia, men = sons. occupied = traded. Compare "occupy" in Luke 19:13. the land of Israel. Hebrew ’eretz Israel. One of three occurrences of this expression in this book with Hebrew ’eretz (27, 17, Ezekiel 40:2, Ezekiel 47:18), instead of ’admath, which occurs seventeen times. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. Minnith. An Ammonite town not yet identified. Minyeh, south of Nebo, is suggested by Conder. Compare Judges 11:33. Pannag. Some article of merchandise, or name of place, not now known. wine. Hebrew. yayin. App-27. Helbon. Now Helbon, in the mountains, thirteen miles north of Damascus. Dan. Hebrew Vedan, or Wedaungoing to and fro. Hebrew. Meuzzal. Margin Meuzzal = from Uzal. Compare Genesis 10:27. occupied = were the merchants of thy hand. Compare Ezekiel 27:15. Haran. Now Harran, between the Euphrates and the Khabour (Genesis 11:35). Canneh. Probably now Calneh, a Babylonian city (Genesis 10:10). Eden. In Mesopotamia (2 Kings 19:12. Isaiah 37:12. Amos 1:5). Mentioned in the Inscriptions. Some suggest Aden, in Arabia. Asshur = Assyria. Chiba = tad. Now Kalwddha, near Baghdad. Thy rowers. Continuing the symbol of a ship, used of Tyre in this chapter. wind. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. occupiers = barterers, or traders. in. A special various reading called Sevir (App-34), with four early printed editions, Aramaean, Septuagint, and Syriac, omit this word "in". company = gathered host. suburbs. The root garash = to drive out or about. When used of a city it = suburbs; but, when used of the sea, it = the driving and casting about of the waves. Compare Isaiah 37:20. It means here that the waves of the sea lash themselves at the wailing of the pilots. heart = soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. they. Some codices, with two early printed editions, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "their sons". the destroyed: or, the silent one. wares. See note on "fairs", Ezekiel 27:12. In the time when thou shalt be broken: or, "Now thou art wrecked", with Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate. be = become. any more = for ever. Compare Ezekiel 26:21. the LORD. ’ Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. the prince of Tyrus. The prince (Hebrew. nagid) is to be distinguished as the type (verses: Ezekiel 28:1-10) from the king (melek) of Tyre, the antitype (verses: Ezekiel 28:11-19). See the Structure above. He is a mere man, as shown in Ezekiel 28:9, where note the emphasis marked by the Figure of speech Pleonasm (App-6). He was Ithobalus II, Ileb. ’Ethbaal. See Josephus (cont. Apion. 21). Tyrus = Tyre (the city), as in Ezekiel 26:2. the Lord GOD. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. thine heart. Note the Figure of speech Polyptoton (App-6), by which the word heart is repeated in different inflections for emphasis. "Thine heart., in the heart (midst). thine heart. the heart. " GOD. Hebrew ’El (singular) App-4. of God. Hebrew. Elohim (plural) App-4. midst = heart (as in Ezekiel 27throughout), a man. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. a man, and not. GOD (’El). Note the Figure of speech Pleonasm (App-6), by which the same thing is put in two ways (first positive and then negative) to emphasize the fact that the "prince" here spoken to (verses: Ezekiel 28:2-10) is purely human (’adam), and therefore not "the king" spoken to in verses: Ezekiel 28:11-19. not GOD = not ’El. App-4. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. Behold. Figure of speech Asteismos (App-6), to attract our attention. wiser. In thine own eyes. Daniel. Here an example of wisdom; as of righteousness in Ezekiel 14:14, Ezekiel 14:20. Compare Daniel 1:17. strangers = aliens, or foreigners: the Babylonians were noted for their barbarity. Compare Ezekiel 30:11; Ezekiel 31:12. Isaiah 1:7; Isaiah 25:2). defile = profane. brightness = splendour: occurs only here, and Ezekiel 28:17. See note on Genesis 3:1 and App-19. pit = corruption. Hebrew. shahath. slain = wounded. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. thou shalt be = thou [art]. GOD. Hebrew. ’El. App-4. die. uncircumcised: i.e. come to the miserable end of the ungodly. Compare Ezekiel 31:18; Ezekiel 32:19, Ezekiel 32:21, Ezekiel 32:25, Ezekiel 32:32. The word being used in its moral, not physical sense deaths. Plural = the great, or awful death. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the king of Tyrus. Here we have a supernatural being addressed: He of whom the "prince of Tyre" was only a type; He who was using that "prince" as one of his agents to secure the world = power. He is not a mere "man "as the prince of Tyre" (see Ezekiel 28:9). His description, (see the Structure; 12-17, below) is superterrestrial, and superhuman, and can refer to no other than Satan himself. Thou sealest up the sum = Thou art the finished pattern. Hebrew toknith = pattern. Occurs only here. and Ezekiel 43:10. hast been = wast. in Eden. Here is no evidence of a "legend", but a reality. Satan, the Nachash or shining one, was there. See notes on Genesis 3:1, and App-19. Eve was smitten with his beauty as "an angel of light" (2 Corinthians 11:14); and deferred to him as one possessing this "wisdom", and believed his power to make good his promise. Reference to Pentateuch. No mention of Eden since Genesis 4:16. Isaiah 51:3, till here; and none after till Ezekiel 31:9, Ezekiel 31:16, Ezekiel 31:18; Ezekiel 36:35. Isaiah 51:3. Joe 2:3. App-92. the garden of and. This is added to leave us in no doubt as to what is meant by Eden, and to show that it was no mere "summer residence ’of the "prince" of Tyre, but, the "garden" of Genesis 2:8-15. precious stone. Referring to Genesis 2:11, Genesis 2:12. tabrets = drums. See note on "timbrel" (Exodus 15:20), and compare note on 1 Samuel 10:5. in the day. See App-18. thou wart created. Not begotten by man, or born of woman. This can refer only to Satan. art = west, as in the other verses here. the anointed cherub that covereth. Cherub can be used only of a supernatural being, overshadowing and protecting "the world that then was" (2 Peter 3:6), or the "garden" of Ezekiel 28:13. and I have set thee so, &c.: or, when I appointed thee. thou west. the holy mountain, &c. See note on Ezekiel 28:13, below; and compare Isaiah 14:12-14. hast walked up and down = didst walk to and fro, &c.; referring to facts concerning which nothing further is revealed. perfect . . . created. Referring to the period before Satan’s fall. See App-19. iniquity = perversity. Hebrew ’aval, App-44. merchandise = traffic, or going about, as in Ezekiel 28:18. Hence it meant calumniator (slanderer), in a moral sense. hast sinned = didst sin. sinned. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. I will cast, he. = I cast thee as profane. Literally I profaned thee. the mountain of God. This Hebrew expression (har ha’elohim) occurs seven times (28, 13. Exodus 3:1; Exodus 4:2;; Ezekiel 18:5; Ezekiel 24:13. 1 Kings 19:8. Psalms 68:15). The Massorah gives these to distinguish it from has Jehovah, which also occurs seven times (Genesis 22:14. Numbers 10:33. Psalms 24:3. Isaiah 2:3; Isaiah 30:29. Micah 4:2. Zechariah 8:3). covering cherub. See note on Ezekiel 28:14. from. Contrast this "from" with "in" in Ezekiel 28:14; and see the Structure on p. 1145. hast corrupted = didst corrupt. When this took place we are not told. It was before Genesis 3:11, Matthew 13:35. I will cast thee = I did cast thee. ground = earth, Hebrew ’eretz, (with Art.) hast defiled = didst defile. sanctuaries. Some codices, with six early printed editions, Aram, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "sanctuary" (singular) multitude = abounding. iniquities. Some codices, with three early printed editions, with Aramaean and Syriac, read "iniquity" (singular) Hebrew ’avah. App-44. it shall devour thee. See Revelation 20:10. Revelation 20:18 people = peoples. be = become. any more = for ever. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Zidon. Was not threatened with extinction, as Tyre was. See note on Ezekiel 26:2. I will be glorified, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 14:4, Exodus 14:17). App-92. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. gathered. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 30:3, Deuteronomy 30:4). See also Ezekiel 11:17; Ezekiel 20:41; Ezekiel 34:13; Ezekiel 36:24; Ezekiel 37:21; Ezekiel 39:27. Leviticus 26:44, Leviticus 26:45. Psalms 106:47. Isaiah 11:11, Isaiah 11:12, Isaiah 11:13; Isaiah 11:27, Isaiah 11:12, Isaiah 11:13. Jeremiah 30:18; Jeremiah 30:31, Jeremiah 30:8-10; Jeremiah 32:37. Hosea 1:11. Joe 3:7. Amos 9:14, Amos 9:15. Obadiah 1:17-21. Zephaniah 3:19, Zephaniah 3:20. App-92. sanctified. Compare Ezekiel 28:22, Ezekiel 36:23; Ezekiel 38:23. Isaiah 5:16. heathen = nations. then shall, &c. Compare Ezekiel 36:28; Ezekiel 37:23. Jeremiah 23:8; Jeremiah 27:11. in their land = on their soil. given, &c. See Genesis 28:13; and ep. note on Genesis 50:24. a pricking brier. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 33:55). the house of Israel. See note on Ex. 16. a1. they shall dwell. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 25:18, Leviticus 25:19. Deuteronomy 12:10; Deuteronomy 33:25). App-92. See also Ezekiel 34:25-28; Ezekiel 38:8. Joe 23:6-8; Joe 33:16. Hosea 2:15. Zechariah 2:4, Zechariah 2:5. safely = with confidence. Compare Ezekiel 38:11. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 33:28). App-92. build, &c. Compare Isaiah 65:21, Isaiah 65:22. Jeremiah 29:5, Jeremiah 29:6, Jeremiah 29:28; Jeremiah 31:4, Jeremiah 31:5; Jeremiah 32:15. Amos 9:13, Amos 9:14. when I, &c. Compare Ezekiel 28:24; chs. 25-32; 35. Isaiah 13-21. Jeremiah 46-51. Zechariah 1:17. In the tenth year, &c.: i.e. a year and two days after the siege of Jerusalem began (Jeremiah 39:1), and six months, less three days, before its fall. See notes on p. 1105. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Pharaoh. Namely, Pharaoh Hophra, called Apries by the Greeks. Compare Jeremiah 44:30. He besieged and captured Gaza (Jeremiah 47:1); attacked Zidon and encountered the prince of Tyre on the sea (Herodotus, ii. 161: compare 2 Kings 24:7. Jeremiah 46:2); and said, "no god could deprive him of his kingdom" (Herodotus, H. 169). Zedekiah relied on him. See Jeremiah 37:5-8. Egypt was thus the cause of Jerusalem’s destruction. See Jeremiah 44:30; and compare Jeremiah 46:25, Jeremiah 46:26. the Lord God. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. the great dragon = the great crocodile, to which Egypt was likened on Roman coins. Compare Isaiah 51:9, where "Rehab" is used of Egypt (Isaiah 30:7). My river = the Nile. I have made it. Referring probably to the artificial system of canals and water-ways. fish. Symbols of Pharaoh’s subjects shall know. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. a staff of reed. This was by inciting Israel to resist and rebel against Assyria by promises of help which failed. See 2 Kings 18:21. Isaiah 20:5, Isaiah 20:6; Isaiah 30:6, Isaiah 30:7; Isaiah 31:3. Jeremiah 2:36; Jeremiah 37:7. the house of Israel. See note on Exodus 16:3. to be at a stand = to come to a stand, or to halt. Ginsburg thinks, to shake" (Isaiah 69:2). I Will bring a sword. This phrase is peculiar to Ezekiel. See Ezekiel 5:17; Ezekiel 6:3; Ezekiel 11:8; Ezekiel 14:17; Ezekiel 29:8; Ezekiel 33:2; In Leviticus it is: "I will draw out the sword after you". Compare Leviticus 26:33. man. Hebrew, ’adam. App-14. from the tower of Syene = from Migdol to Syene. Compare Ezekiel 30:6. the tower = Migdol. See note on Exodus 14:2 for "Migdol", and compare Jeremiah 44:1. In the north of Egypt. of Syene = to Syene. Hebrew. Seveneh. Now Assouan, in the south. will I gather. Therefore they could not be the people known as gipsies. people = peoples. bring again, &c = turn the fortunes, &c. See note on Deuteronomy 30:3, the captivity of Egypt or, the Egyptian captives. Note the discrimination shown in these prophecies. Some were never to be restored; others were to be resuscitated. Pathros = Upper, or Southern Egypt. habitation = nativity. base = low. basest = lowest. iniquity. Hebrew `avah. App-44. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. the seven and twentieth year. See the table, p. 1105. Nebuebadrezzar. caused his army, &c. That this was fulfilled is shown by Prof. Sayre, The Egypt of the Hebrews (1896), p. 130, who quotes an inscription which describes this campaign, which took place (it says) in the thirty = seventh year of his reign. He defeated Pharaoh Amasis. For this spelling ("Nebuchadrezzar ") see note on Ezekiel 26:4. head was made bald. Probably from the helmet worn in so long a war. shoulder was peeled. From bearing arms so long. I will give. See note on Ezekiel 29:18, above. it shall be the wages. See the Structure on p. 1147. saith the Lord GOD [is) Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. in the midst. Compare Ezekiel 3:26, Ezekiel 3:27; Ezekiel 24:27. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. worth. This is the past tense (weorth) of Anglo-Saxon weorthan, to become. It means Woe he to the day! Hebrew = Alas for the day! the day of the LORD. See notes on Isaiah 2:12; Isaiah 13:6; and Revelation 1:10. the time of, &c.: i.e. the season in which their power shall be judged and broken. heathen = nations. Ethiopia. Hebrew Cush, allied with Egypt. Compare Ezekiel 30:9; and Jeremiah 46:9. Also resorted to for help by Israel. Libya . Lydia. Hebrew Phut . . . Led. Compare Ezekiel 27:10. Genesis 10:6. These were an African people. Compare Jeremiah 46:9. Nahum 3:9. mingled people = mixed multitude: i.e. the allies of Babylon. Compare Jeremiah 25:20. Chub. Perhaps Caba, in Mauretania, or Cobe, in Ethiopia. men = sons. the tower, &c. See note on Ezekiel 29:10. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. from Me = frorn before Me. in ships. Going up the Nile. The Septuagint reads "hastening" or "running"; but note that Ethiopia sent messengers in ships to promise help to Judah, but Jehovah sent His messengers in ships to prophesy her judgment. as in the day. Many codices (including the Hillel Codex, A.D. 600, quoted in the Masserah), with three early printed editions, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "in the day". Other codices. with seven early printed editions and Aramaean, read "as (or like, or about the time of) the day". lo. Figure of speech Asterismos App-6. Nebuchadreszar. See notes on Ezekiel 26:7, and Ezekiel 29:18. wicked. Hebrew. ra’a. App-44. idols = manufactured gods. images = things of nought. Noph = Memphis. Now Abu Sir. Pathros. Upper, or Southern Egypt. Zoan = Tanis: now San; an ancient Egyptian city in Lower Egypt (Numbers 13:22. Psalms 78:12). See note on Isaiah 30:4. No. No Ammon. Now Thebes (Nahum 3:8). Compare Jeremiah 46:25. Sin = Pelasium, in the Egyptian delta. See Ezekiel 29:10. the multitude of No. Heb Hamon = No. Compare Ezekiel 30:14. Aven = On, or Heliopolis (Beth = shemesh, city or house of the Sun), north of Memphis. Pi-beseth. In some codices written as one word; in others as two words: Pi being "the" in Coptic, and Pasht = the Egyptian goddess Artemis. Now Tel Basta, in the Delta, north of Memphis. Tehaphnehes. See note on Jeremiah 43:7. Greek name Daphne. Now Tel Defenneh. See App-87. the yokes of Egypt. The yokes imposed by Egypt on other peoples. Genitive of Origin. See App-17.; and Compare Ezekiel 34:27. the eleventh year. About four months before the fall of Jerusalem. See table on p. 1106. a roller = a bandage. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. the eleventh year. See note on Ezekiel 30:20, and p. 1105. the third month. About two months before the fall of Jerusalem. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 the Assyrian. Ginsburg thinks this should read teashshur (= a box = tree) instead of ’ashshur (= an Assyrian). There is no article; and Egypt is the subject here, not Assyria. See note on Ezekiel 27:6, and compare Isaiah 41:19; Isaiah 60:13. The subject is the proud exaltation of Egypt, which is likened to a box or cypress, exalting itself into a cedar of Lebanon. shroud = foliage. waters . . . deep : i.e. the water = ways, and the Nile. Compare Ezekiel 31:15. branches. Hebrew text reads "branch" (singular); but margin, with some codices and four early printed editions, road "branches" (plural) Occurs only in Ezekiel. boughs = arms. Occurs only here and in 31:8. the garden of God. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 2:8). God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. Eden. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 2). Compare Ezekiel 28:13. App-92. thus smith, he. See note on Ezekiel 44:9. the Lord God. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. thou. Pharaoh, he. Ashur. heathen = nations. for. Many codices, with five early printed editions, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "according to", as our text does. Other codices, with four early printed editions and Aramaean, read "in". wickedness = lawlessness. Hebrew. rasha. App-44. strangers = foreigners. rivers = torrents. Hebrew ’aphikim. See note on" channels", 2 Samuel 22:16. all. All the trees. So in Ezekiel 31:16. children = sons. men. Hebrew ’adam. App-14. the grave. Hebrew. Sheol. App-35. I east gim down = I caused tint to descend. hell = Sheol. Same word as "the grave" in Ezekiel 31:15. the pit. Hebrew. bor. Showing the sense in which Sheol is used in Ezekiel 31:15 and Ezekiel 31:16. See notes on "well", Genesis 21:19; and "pit", Isaiah 14:19. and they that were his arm. Septuagint and Syriac rend "and his seed". saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. the twelfth year. See the table on p. 1105. twelfth month. About one year and a half after the fall of Jerusalem. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Thou art like = Thou bast been likened to. and thou art = yet art thou. The contrast is between what was noble and less noble. whale = crocodile seas = a collection of waters, like the branches of the Nile. Compare Isaiah 27:1. rivers. Heb, nahar. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 32:6. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah, See note on Ezekiel 2:4. company = gathered host. Compare Ezekiel 16:40. many: or, mighty. people = peoples. fill = satisfy. height = thy high heap i.e. of thy slain. wherein thou swimmest: or, of thy overflowing. rivers = torrents, or ravines. Hebrew ’aphikim, See note on 2 Samuel 22:16. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 32:2. put thee out = extinguish thee. I will cover, &c. Compare Isaiah 13:10; Isaiah 14:12. Joe 2:10; Joe 3:15. Amos 8:9. Revelation 6:12-14. bright lights = light = bearers. Ref, to Pentateuch (Genesis 1:14). App-92, Hebrew. ma’or. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. every man. Hebrew. ’ish. App-14. life = soul. Hebrew. nephesh, App-13. man. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. deep = subside. the month: i.e. the twelfth month. See Ezekiel 32:1. cast them down = cause them to descend: i.e. by Heb, idiom declare (by the dirge) that they shall descend. See note on Ezekiel 14:8, Ezekiel 14:9; Ezekiel 20:28. nether = lower. the pit. Hebrew. bor = a grave dug in the earth. See note on 31. is, showing the meaning of Sheol in Ezekiel 32:21. the uncircumcised. This word is repeated ten times in this chapter, and always in connection with an ignominious death (verses: Ezekiel 32:19, Ezekiel 32:21, Ezekiel 32:24-30, Ezekiel 19:32). Compare Jeremiah 9:25, Jeremiah 9:26. slain by the sword. Note the Figure of speech Cycloidea (App-6), by which these words occur as a refrain twelve times in the following verses (twelve being the number of governmental perfection or completion. See App-10). draw her = drag her away: i.e. to the grave. The strong = The strongest, or chiefeet. shall speak, &c, Note the Figure of speech Prosopopoeia (App-6), by which dead people are represented as speaking. hell = the grave. Hebrew. Sheol. App-35. Asshur: i.e. the great empire of Assyria. graves. Hebrew. keber = burying-places, or sepulchres. See App-36. Same word as in verses: Ezekiel 32:23, Ezekiel 32:25, Ezekiel 32:26. company = gathered host. in the land of the living. Used here as the opposite of the land of the dead. See note on Ezekiel 26:20. The expression occurs six times in this chapter. multitude. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads multitudes" (plural) with their weapons of war. This determines the nature of the place here described as "the grave", "the pit", and "Sheol". iniquities. Hebrew ’avah. App-44. broken: or, overthrown. caused. Hebrew nathan = given: as distinct from their terror. See note on Ezekiel 20:25. My. Hebrew text has "His"; margin "My". the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4, Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. children = sons. a = one. man. Hebrew. ish, App-14. coasts = borders: i.e. one man out from within the border. of their land. the sword = judgment. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Effect), App-8, for that which executes the judgment. his own head = himself: "head" being put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for the whole person. soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. person = soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13. iniquity. Hebrew ’avah. App-44. Not the same as ise verses: Ezekiel 33:13, Ezekiel 33:15, Ezekiel 33:18. wicked = lawless. Hebrew. rasha’. App-44. iniquity. Hebrew ’avah App-44. in: or, for. transgressions. Hebrew. pasha. App-44. sins. Hebrew. chata. App-44. pine away, &c. Ref: to Pentateuch. See notes on Ezekiel 4:12 with Ezekiel 24:23. As H live, he. Figure of speech Delete. App-6. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle, See note on Ezekiel 2:4. turn ye. Note the Figure of speech Epizeuxis. App-6. evil. Hebrew. ra’a. App-44. why will ye die . . . ? Figure of speech Erotesis. App-6. thereby: or, therein. in the day = when. See App-18. for his righteousness = thereby, or therein, in the day, &c. sinneth. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. trust = confide. Hebrew batch App-69. righteousnesses = righteous deeds. In Hebrew text it is singular. ("righteousness "); but the margin, with four early printed editions, reads "righteousnesses" (plural) for: or, in. Compare Ezekiel 33:9. iniquity. Hebrew ’aval App-44. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 33:5, but same as in verses: Ezekiel 33:15, Ezekiel 33:18. for it = thereby, or therein, as in Ezekiel 33:12, that which is . . . right = judgment and righteousness. restore the pledge, he. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 22:26. Leviticus 6:2, Leviticus 6:4, Leviticus 6:5. Deuteronomy 24:6, Deuteronomy 24:10-13, Deuteronomy 24:17). give again. Note the Figure of speech Asyndeton (App-6), hurrying on to the climax at end of verse. he shall surely live. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 18:5). he shall not die. Note the Figure of speech Pleonasm (App-6), for emphasis. sins. Hebrew text reads "sin"; but margin, some codices, and four early printed editions, read "sins" (p1.) the LORD. One of the emendations of the Sopherim, by which they say they changed Jehovah of the primitive text to Adonai. See App-32. equal. See note on "pondereth", Proverbs 21:2. thereby: or, in them: i.e. in those deeds. the Lord. Hebrew. Adonai. App-4. the twelfth year . . . tenth month . . . fifth day. This is the date of the taking of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar. See Ezekiel 40:1. The event in the twenty-fifth year is said to be the fourteenth year from the twelfth (i.e. from the tenth month of tho twelfth year to the first month of the twenty-fifth). The prophecies of the preceding chapters were given to Ezekiel in the Land before this twelfth year. See the table on p. 1105, and App-50.). This was the eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month and ninth day (Jeremiah 39:1, Jeremiah 39:2; 2 Kings 25:1-4). came unto me. While still in the Land, probably in hiding, the evening. Doubtless, of the same day of his escape. he that was escaped. As foretold in Ezekiel 24:26. my mouth was opened. Compare Ezekiel 24:27; Ezekiel 29:21, i.e. in prophecy. no more dumb : i. e silent from prophesying, Note the Figure of speech Pleonasm (App-6), to emphasise the fact. wastes = ruins. the land of Israel = the soil of Israel. Hebrew ’admath. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 33:28, which is ’eretz. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. Ye eat with the blood = eat over (’al) the blood: i.e. over or near (as the heathen in their necromancy). Reference to Pentateuch (not to Deuteronomy 12:16 (where it is lo = not), but to Leviticus 19:26 (where it is ’al = over), as here, and where it is connected with the idolatrous practices of the heathen. idols = manufactured gods. shall ye. ? Note the Figure of speech Protests (App-6). Ye: i.e. Ye [men]. The verb is masculine. Ye stand upon your sword = Ye take your stand (first occurrence Genesis 18:8, Genesis 18:22), [leaning] upon, &c. The posture assumed by necromancers waiting for the rites, ye work, &c.: i.e. ye [women] work, &c. The verb is feminine. the land. Hebrew ’eretz. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 33:24. shall they know, he. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. against = about. doors = entrances. to = with. as the People cometh: or, according as an assembly cometh together. shew much love: or, counterfeit lovers. Hebrew ’agabim. See note on next verse. 10. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. a very lovely song. Hebrew ’agabim = a song for the pipes. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia (Ap. 6), with "lovers", in Ezekiel 33:31. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. shepherds = rulers. the Lord GOD. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. kill = kill for sacrifice, and eating. Hebrew. zaback. App-48. them that are fed = the fat ewe. neither. Note the Figure of speech Paradiastole (App-6), emphasising the five counts. oruelty = rigour. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 1:13, Exodus 1:14. Leviticus 25:46, Leviticus 25:53, its only other occurrences). because there is no shepherd: or, without a shepherd. As I live. Figure of speech Deisis. App-6. saith the Lord God = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. Therefore = Therefore [I repeat] O ye, &c. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. I, even I. Note the Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6), for emphasis. In the day. See App-18. people = nations. land = soil. rivers = ravines. Hebrew. aphikim. See note on "channels", 2 Samuel 22:16. destroy: or, watch", reading (? = R) for (? = D)). cattle and cattle: i.e. between the sheep and the goats: rams being the sheep, while the he-goats are set in contrast. Seemeth it: or, supply "Is it". you: i.e. ye goats. The verse goes on to describe the evil work of the goats in fouling the pastures of the sheep. There is a solemn application of this to the churches and congregations in the present day, your: i.e. the goats. save = bring saltation or deliverance to. one shepherd = one ruler. Compare Isaiah 40:11. John 10:11. My servant David. Occurs only here, Ezekiel 34:24; Ezekiel 37:24, 1 Kings 11:32, 1 Kings 11:34, and Ezekiel 14:8. Compare Jeremiah 30:9. Hosea 3:5. David. Either David the king, or Messiah, of Whom he was the type. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. Prince = a leader. Compare Isaiah 9:6, Isaiah 9:7; Isaiah 55:4. a covenant of peace. Compare Ezekiel 37:2, wilderness = a place of pasture. Compare Psalms 65:12. Not a barren place or desert, unless so stated or implied. they. shall know. See note en Ezekiel 6:10. safe = confident. in = on. when I have broken: or, by My breaking. those, &c.: i.e. the f:dse rulers. heathen = nations. beast. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "beasts". land: or, earth. plant. Referring to Messiah, as in verses: Ezekiel 34:23, Ezekiel 34:24. of renown: for fame. consumed = pinched [with hunger]. shall they know. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. Some codices, with three early printed editions, read "shall the nations know", flock. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version omitted these two words "flock, the". are = ye [are] men. Hebrew ’adam, App-14. I: i.e. human beings, not "sheep", as spoken of in this chapter. your God. Some codices, with Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "Jehovah your Elohim". the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. mount Seir i.e. Edom. Compare Ezekiel 6:2; Ezekiel 25:12-14. Ch. 35 is introductory. Compare Ezekiel 36:5, preparing the way for the reoccupation by Israel. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. thou shalt know. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. a perpetual hatred = a hatred of old. children = sons. by the forms = by the hands of: "hands" being put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Effect), App-6, for the slaughter wrought by thorn. that their iniquity had an end: or, in the time of the final punishment for their iniquity. iniquity. Hebrew `avah. App-44. as I live. Figure of speech Deieis. App-6. saith the Lord GOD = [is) Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. sith = since. I will fill. Compare Isaiah 34:1-15. return = be rebuilt, or inhabited. ye shall know, Re. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. thou host said. Compare Psalms 83:4, Psalms 83:12. two : i.e. Israel and Judah. it. Can this refer to the blessing which Esau sought? whereas: or, though. was there. Compare Ezekiel 36:2, Ezekiel 36:5, and Ezekiel 48:35, do = deal. the house of Israel. See note on Ea. Ezekiel 16:31. Idumea = Edom, they shall know. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. What now follows refers to the yet future Restoration of the People and Land of Israel and Judah, as shown in the Structure above. son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1, mountains of Israel. See Ezekiel 6:1-7; Ezekiel 36:1. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4, the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. the enemy. Note the Structure above. hath said. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "had said" the ancient high places = the everlasting hills, promised to Israel (Genesis 49:26. Deuteronomy 13:13; Deuteronomy 33:15). Because = Because, even because. Figure of speech Epizeuxis. App-6. swallowed you up. Like a beast of prey. Compare Job c. e. Psalms 56:1, Psalms 56:2; Psalms 57:3. Ecclesiastes 10:12. are = have been. infamy = evil report. hear. Figure of speech Apostrophe. App-6. to the mountains, &c. Note the Figure of speech Merismos (App-6). rivers = torrents, or ravines. Hebrew. aphikim. See note on "channels", 2 Samuel 22:15. fire of My jealousy. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:24), heathen = nations. Idumea = Edom, minds = souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-18, the land of Israel = the soil of Israel. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-8. lifted up Mine hand = sworn. Hebrew idiom. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 6:8. Numbers 14:30. Deuteronomy 32:40). Compare Daniel 12:7. Elsewhere only in Pentateuch. See Genesis 14:22, and Ezekiel 20:5, heathen = nations. that are = which are yours; referring to "ours" in Ezekiel 36:2. men. Hebrew ’adam. App-14. old = former. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. bereave, &c. = make childless. Thou land devourest, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 13:32). App-92. bereave. Hebrew text reads "cause to fall"; but margin reads "make childless". Some codices, with three early printed editions, Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "make childless" (text and margin) saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle, the people = peoples. thy. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "the". land = soil. they defiled it, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 15:19; Leviticus 18:25, Leviticus 18:27, Leviticus 18:30. Numbers 35:33, Numbers 35:34). App-92. as the uncleanness, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 15:19; Leviticus 15:18, Leviticus 15:19, &c.) I poured, &o. Sea Ezekiel 7:8; Ezekiel 7:14, Ezekiel 7:19; Ezekiel 21:31. Compare 2 Chronicles 34:21, 2 Chronicles 34:25. Jeremiah 7:20; Jeremiah 44:6, &c. idols = dirty idols I scattered, &c. See Ezekiel 5:12; Ezekiel 22:15. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:33. Deuteronomy 28:64). App-92. according to their way. See Ezekiel 7:3, Ezekiel 7:8; Ezekiel 18:30; Ezekiel 22:31; Ezekiel 39:24. they. Hebrew text reads "he", or "it". A special various reading called Sevir (App-34), and some codices, with Aramaic, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "they". profaned, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:12, &c.) App-92. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. name. See note on Psalms 20:1. they said to them: i.e. men said of Israel. gone = come. I had pity, &c. See Ezekiel 20:9, Ezekiel 20:14, Ezekiel 20:22. not . . . for your sakes, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 7:7, Deuteronomy 7:8; Deuteronomy 9:5-7). App-92. Compare Psalms 106:8; Psalms 115:1, Psalms 115:2. I will sanctify, &c. The opposite of the profanation of Eze 36:20. shall know. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. in you. So in the Babylonian Codex; but some codices, with Codex Hillel and three early printed editions (one in margin), read "in them". their. The Babylonian Codex, Codex Hillel, and other codices, with nine early printed editions (one Rabbinic, in margin), read "your". will bring you, &c. Compare Ezekiel 11:17; Ezekiel 34:13; Ezekiel 34:37, Ezekiel 34:21, Ezekiel 34:25; Ezekiel 39:27, Ezekiel 39:28, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 30:3-6). App-92. into your own land on to your own soil. Hebrew ’ado:oeh. Not the some word as in Ezekiel 36:28. Then. Note the time for the fulfilment of this prophecy. Not now, among the Gentiles; not now, in the Church of God; but, when Israel shall be brought back "into their own land" (verses: Ezekiel 36:16-24). Note the "you . . . ye . . . your", &c., of verses: Ezekiel 36:25-29. Observe the importance of this word "Then" in other passages. See notes on Exodus 17:8. Malachi 3:4, Malachi 3:16. Matthew 25:1. 1 Thessalonians 4:17, &c. sprinkle = throw. See Leviticus 1:5 water. See Isaiah 44:3. you . . . ye . . . your. The same People referred to Isaiah 44:25-29 as in or Ezekiel 16:17. See the Structure, p. 1167. new heart. Not the old heart improved, but a new heart created and "given". The old one "taken away". spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. statutes . . . judgments. Reference to Pentateuch. See note on Deuteronomy 4:1. App-92. land. Hebrew ’eretz. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 36:24. ye: i.e. the People who are the subject of these verses. See note on "Then", Ezekiel 36:25. be My People = become to Me a people. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:12). be your God = become to you it God. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. the corn, &c. Pointing to the physical blessings. reproach, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 29:23-28). App-92. Compare Joe 2:17, Joe 2:26. shall ye remember. See Ezekiel 6:9; Ezekiel 16:61-63; Ezekiel 20:43. evil. Hebrew. ra a’. App-44. iniquities. Hebrew. ’raa, App-44. abominations: i.e. idolatries. be ashamed. Compare Ezekiel 16:63. In the day that = When. See App-18. cause you to dwell, &c. = cause the cities to be inhabited. like the garden of Eden. Ref, to Pentateuch (Genesis 2:8-15). See note on Ezekiel 28:13. fenced = fortified. yet . . . be enquired of: i.e. the time shall come when they will ask for what they had in the past despised. As the holy flock = Like a flock of holy offerings. solemn feasts = appointed seasons. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. in the spirit = by the spirit. Compare Ezekiel 1:1, Ezekiel 1:3; Ezekiel 8:3; Ezekiel 11:24, Ezekiel 11:25; Ezekiel 40:2, Ezekiel 40:3. These expressions show the meaning of Rev 1:10. spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. valley = plain. Some word as in Ezekiel 3:22, Ezekiel 3:23, and Ezekiel 8:4. round about = on every side. Hebrew. sabib sabib = on this side and on that side. Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6), for emphasis. behold . . . lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. (App-6), calling special attention to that which was seen. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. upon = over. Hebrew. ’al. breath = spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. Put breath, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 2:7), App-92. ye shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:7. as = according as. noise = voice. shaking = commotion. unto. Hebrew ’el. Compare Ezekiel 37:4, and see the Structure above. wind = spirit. Same as "breath" in Ezekiel 37:5. breathe = blow. Hebrew. naphah. slain deed (by violent death). Septuagint renders it tous nekrous. = corpses, as distinct from nekrous, which (without the Article) refers to the dead as having been once alive (compare Matthew 22:31. Luke 24:5. Cor Ezekiel 15:29 (first and third words), 35, 42, 52); while, with the Article it denotes corpses. See Deuteronomy 14:1. Matthew 22:32. Mark 9:10. Luke 16:30, Luke 16:31; Luke 24:46. Acts 23:6; Acts 24:15; Acts 26:8. Romans 6:13; Romans 10:7; Romans 11:15. Hebrews 11:19; Hebrews 11:13, Hebrews 11:20; 1 Corinthians 15:12, 1 Corinthians 15:13, 1 Corinthians 15:15, 1 Corinthians 15:16, 1 Corinthians 15:20, 1 Corinthians 15:21, 1 Corinthians 15:29 (second word), 32. Especially ep, 1 Peter 4:6. See App-139. are = they [are]. Figure of speech Metaphor. App-6. the whole house. As distinct from "the house", we are cut off for our parts = as for us, we are quite cut off, or clean cut off. graves = sepulchres, or burying-places. Hebrew. keber, not Sheol. See App-35. The repetition of this must include resurrection as well as restoration. into the land of Israel = upon the soil of Israel. Hebrew. ’admath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. when I have opened = by My opening. and brought yo up = by My causing you to come up. spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. Same word es "breath" and "wind" above. place = settle. in your own land = upon your own soil. Hebrew ’adamah. Compare Ezekiel 37:21, and see note on Ezekiel 37:32. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. stick. Hebrew "wood": put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for anything made of it. children = sons, companions: i.e. Benjamin and Levi. Hebrew text reads "companion" (singular); but margin, with some codices and one early printed edition, reads "companions" (plural) Joseph. Who held the primogeniture of the other tribes (1 Chronicles 6:1), forfeited by Reuben; and was represented by Ephraim, the head of the ten tribes. Compare 1 Kings 11:26, Isaiah 11:13. Jeremiah 31:6. Hosea 5:3, Hosea 5:6. his companions: i.e. the other tribes. hand. Some codices, with three early printed editions, read "hands" (plural) fellows. Same word as "companions" in Ezekiel 37:16, and same note as to the readings. him: or, it. Behold. heathen; and. land. These words were chosen for the legend on the Zionist medal commemorating the National Federation (of 1896), which is a landmark in the history of the Jewish nation. I even I. Figure of speech Epizeuxis (App-6). heathen = nations. land, Hebrew ’eretz. Not the same word as in at Ezekiel 12:14, Ezekiel 12:21. upon = among. mountains. A special various readirg called Sevir (App-34) reads "cities". idols = dirty gods. detestable = abominable. Referring to idolatry, and its accompaniments. transgressions = rebellions. Bob. pasha’. App-44. dwellingplaces. Septuagint reads "lawlessnesses". Compare Jeremiah 2:19; Jeremiah 3:22; Jeremiah 5:6. So Houbigant, Bishops Newcombe and Horsley, with Ginsburg. wherein = whereby. sinned. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. My People = to Me a People. their God = to them a God. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. David My servant = Hebrew My servant David. Occurs five times (Ezekiel 34:23, Ezekiel 34:24; Ezekiel 37:24. 1 Kings 11:32; 1 Kings 14:8). In Ezekiel 37:25 and 2 Samuel 3:18 tis (in Hebrew) "David My servant" (though the Authorized Version there renders it "My servant David"). shepherd = ruler. judgments . . . statutes. See note on Deuteronomy 4:1. And they shall dwell. Repeated in middle of the verse by the Figure of speech Mesarchia (App-6), for emphasis. given unto Jacob. And not any other land. My servant David. Here, it is (in Hebrew) "David My servant". covenant of peace. Compare Ezekiel 34:25. everlasting covenant. See notes on Genesis 9:16, and Isaiah 44:7. tabernacle. Her. mishkan. See App-42. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:11, Leviticus 26:12). App-92. shall know. See note on Ezekiel 6:30. when, &c. = by the existence of My sanctuary in, &c. for evermore. Therefore this prophecy yet awaits its fulfilment. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Ih Son of man, See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Gog. A symbolical name for the nations north and east of Palestine, or the nations as a whole. That the prophecies of Ezekiel 38 and Ezekiel 39 are still future is clear from Ezekiel 38:8, Ezekiel 38:14, Ezekiel 38:16; Ezekiel 39:9, Ezekiel 39:25, Ezekiel 39:26; as Israel will have then already been "gathered", and complete restoration enjoyed immediately following the destruction of Gog "Now will I bring again the captivity of Israel". It must therefore precede the Millennium; and on that account must be distinguished from Revelation 20:8, Revelation 20:10; and may therefore perhaps be identified with Revelation 16:14; Revelation 17:14; Revelation 19:17-21. Compare Matthew 24:14-30. Zechariah 12:1-4. It marks the climax of Satan’s effort to destroy Israel from being a People, and clearly belongs to the close of a yet future kingdom age. See Ezekiel 38:8, &c., above). The name is connected with "Og" (Deuteronomy 3:1-13), and "Agag "(Numbers 24:7), where the Samaritan Pentateuch reads "Agog", and the Septuagint reads "Gog", Here the Arabic reads "Agag". The historical interpretation of this prophecy is confessedly impossible. the land of Magog = of the land of the Magog. If "Gog" denotes and symbolises all that is powerful, gigantic, and proud, then "Magog" is symbolical of the same lands and peoples. Magog was a son of Japheth. the chief prince = the head, or leader of Rosh. Hebrew Rosh, which may point to Russia. Meshech and Tubal. The Sept, renders these Mesoch and Thobel: i.e. the Moschi and Tibareni, occupying regions about the Caucasus. All these a nations distant from Palestine: not near nations, or nations connected by consanguinity. They were also descended from Japheth (Genesis 10:2). the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6, turn thee back: or, lead thee away enticingly. Compare Isaiah 47:10 (perverted). Jeremiah 50:6. See the Oxford Gesenius. put hooks, &c. Compare Isaiah 37:29. Hebrew "curbs". army, Hebrew "power"; put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for army, as translated. company = gathered host. Compare Ezekiel 16:40. Ethiopia = Cush. Libya = Phut. Compare Ezekiel 27:10; Ezekiel 30:5. These were descended from Ham (Genesis 10:6). Gomer. North of Asia Minor; also descended from Japheth (Genesis 10:3), Togarmah = Armenia. Compare Ezekiel 27:14, Also descended from Japheth (Genesis 10:3). bands = hordes. People = peoples. company. So (singular) in many codices and seven early printed editions; but some codices, with three early printed editions, read plural. See note on Ezekiel 38:4. be thou a guard, &c. Septuagint reads "thou will be for Me a guard. " After many days. Pointing to a then, and yet future time, when Israel shall have been recently "gathered", and before the Restoration is perfected, the latter years. See notes above and on Ezekiel 38:2. safely = confidently. things = words, or matters. think an evil thought = devise a mischievous device. Compare Daniel 11:44, Daniel 11:45. evil. Hebrew. ra`a` App-44. unwalled villages = mere hamlets. To take a spoil, &c. The Hebrew exhibits the Figure of speech Polyptoton (App-6) = "To spoil a spoil and to prey a prey". Compare Psalms 83:4, &c. upon = against. A special various reading called Sevin (App-34) reads "over". People: i.e. Israel, as in Ezekiel 39:13; not in verses: Ezekiel 38:6, Ezekiel 38:8, Ezekiel 38:9, Ezekiel 6:15, Ezekiel 6:22. midst. Hebrew = navel. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunet), App-6, for the middle. land = earth. Hebrew ’eretz. Compare Ezekiel 38:18. Of which Palestine is in the centre, politically and morally, if not exactly geographically. Sheba, Ac. These are some who protest. shalt thou not know it? The Septuagint reads "wilt thou not rouse thyself? " in the latter days = in the end of days. Still future. See notes on Ezekiel 38:2 and Ezekiel 38:8. the heathen may know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10 heathen = nations. when I shall be sanctified, &c.: or, by My hallowing Myself, &c. the same time = that day. the land of Israel = on the soil of Israel. Hebrew ’admath. See note on Ezekiel 11:17. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. shaking = trembling. fall = sink down. every man’s. Hebrew. ish. App-14. great hailstones. As in Joshua 10:11. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. Therefore, &c. See the Structure, p. 1161 son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1, Gog, &c. See note on Ezekiel 38:2. the Lord God. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. turn thee back. See note on Ezekiel 38:4. leave but the sixth part of thee = and will lead thee on. This being from the root shasha = to lead; not shesh = six. upon the mountains of Israel. The others will be smitten in their own lands. people = peoples. Some codices, with Aram, and Syriac, read "many peoples". Compare Ezekiel 38:22. saith the Lord God = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. isles = coasts, or maritime lands. they shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. name. See note on Psalms 20:1. pollute = profane. heathen = nations. shall know, &c. See note on Ezekiel 6:10. rob = make a prey. in. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "at". graves = sepulture. Septuagint and Vulgate read "memorial for burial". shall stop . . . passengers = obstruoteth, or arresteth, the passengers. Probably on account of its depth. Hamon = gog = the multitude of Gog. men of continual employment = constantly. men. Hebrew pl of ’enosh. App-14. man’s. Hebrew. ’adam, App-14. Hamonah = " to the multitude". princes = leaders. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. iniquity. Hebrew `avah. App-41. trespassed = committed treachery. Hebrew. ma’al App-44. transgressions = rebellions. Hebrew. pasha’. App-44. Now: i.e. after the destruction of Gog; i.e. after the "gathering" but before the final "Restoration", and therefore before the Millennium. See note on Ezekiel 38:2. After, &c. Another note of time, determining the fulfilment of the prophecy concerning Gog. trespasses = treachery. Hebrew. ma’al, as in Ezekiel 39:23. safely = confidently. in their land = on their soil, When. Another mark of time. Neither . . . any more. Another mark of time. poured out, &c. See Joe 2:28. Another mark of time. spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. the five and twentieth year. See table on p. 1106. the beginning. Probably Abib or Nisan. the city was smitten. The fall of Jerusalem is thus fixed as happening in the eleventh year of the captivity. See the table on p. 1103. the hand. Compare Ezekiel 3:14. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. visions of God. Compare Ezekiel 1:1; Ezekiel 8:3; Ezekiel 43:3. God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4. the land of Israel. One of the three occurrences in Ezekiel with ’erete instead of ’admath. See notes on Ezekiel 27:17; and compare note on Ezekiel 11:17. upon a very high mountain. Compare Ezekiel 17:22, Ezekiel 17:23. Isaiah 2:2. by: or, upon frame = fabric; or structure. behold, Figure of speech Asteriamos. App-6. man. Hebrew tsh. App-14. reed. See App-51. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. behold. Figure of speech Asteriamos. App-6, on the: or, went on. the house: i.e. the Temple. cubits. See App-51., he measured. In Blithe measurements the unit is one-seventh longer than Solomon’s Temple, pointing to the eighth, the day of God. Seven speaks of completion. Eight speaks of a new beginning (see App-10). In "the day of God" all things will be new. building: i.e. the wall and its contents. the other: viz. that mentioned in Ezekiel 40:7. little. This word may well be omitted. within. Revised Version = toward the house. He measured, &c. Verse 8 is not found in the Septuagint, Syriac, or Vulgate. It may be the latter clause of Eze 40:7 copied again through human infirmity. posts: or projections, coigns or small turrets. inward = toward. [the house]. entry = entrance, or doorway. length = extent, or way. space = barrier, border, or parapet. door entrance. made: or, measured. face = front. narrow = latticed. Compare Ezekiel 41:16, Ezekiel 41:26, 1 Kings 6:4. arches = projections, or porches. inward: or, within. upon = against. palm trees. Artificial. Compare Ezekiel 41:18. lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. chambers = attachments. Always rendered "chambers", except, 1 Samuel 9:22, where it is "parlour". These chambers or storerooms are for the priests and Levites, and for the tithes and offerings. Not the same word as in verses: Ezekiel 40:7, Ezekiel 40:7, Ezekiel 40:10, Ezekiel 7:12, Ezekiel 7:12, Ezekiel 7:13, Ezekiel 7:16, Ezekiel 7:21, Ezekiel 7:29, Ezekiel 7:33, Ezekiel 7:36; but the same as verses: Ezekiel 40:35, Ezekiel 40:44, Ezekiel 40:45, Ezekiel 35:46. See note on Ezekiel 41:5. pavement. Stones ranged artificially. Probably tesselated. Compare John 19:13. thirty. Probably ten on each of the three sides of the court, in clusters of five on each of the sides of the three gates. side = shoulder. over against. Or, all along. without = from without. seven steps. These are the steps to the outer gates, and distinct from the "eight" of the inner court. Neither have anything to do with the fifteen steps of the "Songs of the Degrees". See App-67. these measures. This phrase is repeated in verses: Ezekiel 40:28, Ezekiel 40:29, Ezekiel 40:32, Ezekiel 28:33, Ezekiel 28:35. showing the conformity of the whole plan. utter = outer. going up = ascent. eight steps. These were in the inner court. See note on "seven", Ezekiel 40:22, washed. Or, took out, the entrails of. burnt offering. Sec App-43. See note on "ordinances", Ezekiel 43:18. sin. offering. See App-43. trespass offering. See App-43. they slew, &c. = their slaying [was done]. hewn stone. The other eight (Ezekiel 40:41) were probably of wood. hooks = the ranges. offering = corban. Zadok among = Zadok: those from foursquare. Compare Ezekiel 48:20 and Revelation 21:16. porch = vestibule. temple = palace. Hebrew. heykal. posts = projections. The Septuagint reads "post. " cubits. See App-51. which was. Omit these words, and commence Ezekiel 41:2 with the clause which follows. tabernacle = tent. Hebrew Wed. See App-40. door = entrance. sides = shoulders. the most holy place = the Holy of Holies. side chamber. Not the some word for "chamber" as in Ezekiel 41:10 and ch Ezekiel 40:7, Ezekiel 40:7, Ezekiel 40:10, Ezekiel 40:12, Ezekiel 40:12, Ezekiel 40:13, Ezekiel 40:16, Ezekiel 40:21, Ezekiel 40:29, Ezekiel 40:33, Ezekiel 40:36 (which is ta’ or in Ezekiel 40:17, Ezekiel 40:17, Ezekiel 40:38, Ezekiel 40:44, Ezekiel 40:45, Ezekiel 40:46; or in Ezekiel 42:1, Ezekiel 42:4, Ezekiel 42:5, Ezekiel 42:7, Ezekiel 42:7, Ezekiel 42:8, Ezekiel 42:9, Ezekiel 42:10, Ezekiel 42:11, Ezekiel 42:12, Ezekiel 42:13; Ezekiel 42:13; Ezekiel 42:13; or in Ezekiel 44:19; Ezekiel 45:5; Ezekiel 46:13 (which is lishkuah = a storeroom). an enlarging = a broadenieg. the height of the house = that the house had an elevation or platform. reed. See App-51. chambers = storerooms. Hebrew lishkah. See note on Ezekiel 41:3. galleries. Hebrew ’attik, Occurs only here, Ezekiel 41:16, and Ezekiel 42:3, Ezekiel 42:5. Probably from natak, to cut away, but in what sense is obscure. Perhaps balconies. door posts = thresholds. narrow = latticed. See note on Ezekiel 40:15. cieled = overlaid, panelled, or wainscoted. by measure. Showing that every detail, however small, is important. cherubims. See App-41. palm trees: i.e. artificial palm trees. man. Hebrew. ’adam. App-14. and on the wall of the temple. Render: And as for the wall of the temple, the door-posts were squared; and, as for the face of the sanctuary, the appearance, &c. (as in Ezekiel 41:20). the temple. This word has the extraordinary points (App-51), the dots indicating that the word is repeated by mistake from Ezekiel 41:20, posts = post. Singular. Only here and a Samaritan Pentateuch Ezekiel 1:9. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. utter = outer. chamber = storeroom. Hebrew. lishkah. See note on Ezekiel 40:12. cubits. See App-61. door = entrance, pavement. See note on Ezekiel 40:17. gallery. See note on Ezekiel 41:15. were higher than = took away from. lo. Figure of speech Asteriemos. App-6. before the temple = towards the holy place. from under these chambers = underneath were these chambers. was the entry = the entrance [was]. fashions. Place a full stop here, and begin: "And according", &c. holy, See note on Exodus 3:5. holy chambers = the chambers of the holy place, where, &c. Ref, to Pentateuch (Leviticus 6:16, Leviticus 6:26, Leviticus 24:9). App-92, the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. meat offering = the gift offering. Hebrew. minchah. App-43, Reference to Pentateuch, (Leviticus 2:3, &c.) App-92, sin offering. Hebrew. chattath. App-43. side = wind. Hebrew. ruach, App-9 reeds. See App-51. west, Hebrew "sea", put for the "side" on which the sea was: i.e. the west. the glory. in Ezekiel 11:23 he had seen this glory quitting the Temple. the God of Israel. See note on Isaiah 29:23. God. Hebrew. Elohim, App-4. that I saw. See Ezekiel 1:28; Ezekiel 3:23. to destroy. Hebrew idiom, by which the doer is said to do what he declares shall be done. See Ezekiel 9:1, Ezekiel 9:5; note on Jeremiah 14:8, Jeremiah 14:9; Jeremiah 20:25. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. the house, Not Solomon’s Temple, but the Temple which he had been shown in vision (Ezekiel 11 and Ezekiel 42). the gate. Not the present gate on the east side of the Temple area, but that of the yet future Temple (Ezekiel 40:6; Ezekiel 40:42, Ezekiel 40:15; Ezekiel 44:1; Ezekiel 46:1). spirit. See note on Ezekiel 8:3. Heb, ruach. App-9. the man. Hebrew. ’ish. App-14. stood. = was standing. Son of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. the place of My throne. The Ellipsis must be thus supplied: "[This is] the place", &c. Not the ark, as in Solomon’s Temple. There is no ark here. where I will dwell, &c. See Ezekiel 43:9; Ezekiel 37:26, Ezekiel 37:28; Ezekiel 37:48, Ezekiel 37:35. Psalms 68:18; Psalms 132:14. Joe 3:17. I will dwell, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 29:45). children = sons, for ever. Showing that this prophecy yet waits for its fulfilment, holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. no more defile. Compare Ezekiel 20:39; Ezekiel 23:38, Ezekiel 23:39; Ezekiel 39:7, Hosea 14:8, Zechariah 13:2; Zechariah 14:20, Zechariah 14:21. whoredom. Always put for idolatry, by the Figure of speech Metonymy (of the Subject), App-6. by the carcases, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:30). in their high places: or, in their death. setting, &c. Compare Ezekiel 5:11; Ezekiel 8:3-16; Ezekiel 23:39; Ezekiel 44:7. 2 Kings 16:14, 2 Kings 16:15; 2 Kings 21:4-7; 2 Kings 23:11, 2 Kings 23:12; 2 Chronicles 33:4, 2 Chronicles 33:7. by close by, alongside of. and the wall: or, "For [there was but a] wall". abominations = idolatries. Thou. Some codices, with Septuagint, Syriac, and, Vulgate, read "Thou therefore". This is yet future, and involves the fulfilment of Eze 37, for Ezekiel and for the whole nation. skew the house . . . let them measure. This will he the evidence, to the new nation, that all this prophecy, and Ezekiel’s part in it, is of Jehovah. iniquities. Hebrew `avah. App-44. pattern: or, plan, or arrangement. goings out = the exits. comings in the entrances. forms = models, or visible forms. The word is found only in this verse. Hebrew text written "form"; but margin "for laws. Hebrew text written "law"; but margin laws". Some codices, with four early printed editions, read "laws" both in text and margin. is. Supply "will be". Upon, &c. Compare Ezekiel 40:2; Ezekiel 42:20. Psalms 93:5. Joe 3:17. Zechariah 14:20, Zechariah 14:21. Revelation 21:27. most holy = the holy of holies, holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos (App-6), for emphasis. the altar. Hebrew. mizbeach. Same word as in Ezekiel 43:18; not the same as in verses: Ezekiel 43:15, Ezekiel 43:16. cubits. See App-51. higher place = the pit i.e. the ash-pit. Hebrew gab = anything curved or convex, from gabab = hollow, hollowed out, bottom = hollow. settle = ledge. The Hebrew word in this sense occurs only here, verses: Ezekiel 43:17, Ezekiel 43:20, Ezekiel 43:19. The altar will be thus narrowed at the top (twelve cubits square). The height and breadth will be the same as Solomon’s, except that this will have these ledges for the priests to walk round. the altar = the hearth. Hebrew. ha harel = the mount of El. Not the same word as in Ezekiel 43:13. stairs. Steps were forbidden in Ex. Ezekiel 20:26, but may be permitted here. thus saith, &c. See note on 44. D. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4. the ordinances of the altar. Compared with the Mosaic tabernacle, the ritual began with the consecration of the priests (Leviticus 8:1-10); here, they are already consecrated (verses: Ezekiel 43:19, Ezekiel 43:28). In Leviticus 8:11, the altar was anointed with the holy oil; here no anointing, and the priests are only from Zadok’s line (Compare Ezekiel 40:46; Ezekiel 44:14. In Exodus 29:36, a bullock offered on seven successive days; here only once, and on the other days a kid of the goats. The offerings here (verses: Ezekiel 43:18-27) are National and Priestly (the Priest representing the Nation); not individual, for there will be no day of atonement. The sacrifices will not therefore be as when under the law. in the day. See App-18. This day is yet future, burnt offerings. See App-43. sprinkle, &c. = dash, or throw. Ref to Pentateuch (Leviticus 1:5). This expression is exclusively technical. App-92. For the exceptions see 2 Chronicles 34:4. Job 2:12. Isaiah 28:5. Compare Ezekiel 10:2 and Hosea 7:9. thou. Testifying to the share of Ezekiel "in the day when", &c. the priests the Levites. Referring to the distinction between the Levitical priests and all other priests (heathen, Israelitish, or tribal). See note on Deuteronomy 17:9. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Jehovah’s oracle. bullock. See note on "ordinances", Ezekiel 43:14. sin offering. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 29:14). App-92. he shall burn it. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 29:14). cast salt. This was not done in this case under the Mosaic law. Compare Leviticus 2:13. See App-92. purge = atone for. consecrate. See note on Exodus 29:41, Leviticus 9:17. themselves = it. your . . . you: i.e. nationally, not individually. See note on "ordinance", &c., Ezekiel 43:18. I will accept you, Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 22:27. Deuteronomy 33:11). App-92. the gate of the outward sanctuary = the outer gate of the sanctuary. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. man. Hebrew ’ish. App-14. Therefore the prince of Eze 44:3 is more than man: either the risen David, or the Messiah Himself’. the God of Israel. See note on Isaiah 29:23, God. Hebrew. Elohim, App-4. It is for the prince; the prince. Hebrew The Prince: as prince: i.e. the risen David, the vice-regent of the Messiah (Ezekiel 34:23, Ezekiel 34:24; Ezekiel 37:24, Ezekiel 37:25); or, the Messiah Himself. See note on "man", Ezekiel 44:2. behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. Hon of man. See note on Ezekiel 2:1. mark well = set thine heart. ordinances = statutes. laws. Heb, text "law"; but margin and some codices, with four early printed editions, read "laws". entering in = entrance. going forth = outgoings. rebellious. Hebrew rebellion, put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for rebellious people. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah, See note on Ezekiel 2:4. strangers = aliens. Hebrew "sons of the foreigner " uncircumcised in heart. Reference to Pentateuch, (Leviticus 26:41. Deuteronomy 10:16), App-92. Compare Jeremiah 9:25, Jeremiah 9:26. pollute = profane. offer = bring near. the fat and the blood. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 3:16, Leviticus 3:17). they. Most of the ancient versions read "ye". ye have not kept, &c. See Ezekiel 40:46, &c. holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. yourselves: i.e. your own pleasure. Thus saith, &c. This emphatic commencement is repeated in Ezekiel 45:9, Ezekiel 45:18; Ezekiel 46:1, Ezekiel 46:16; Ezekiel 47:13. Compare Ezekiel 31:10, Ezekiel 31:15; Ezekiel 43:18. stranger = foreigner. children = sons. the Levites. These are distinguished here from the priests (15-27); see S2 and S1, above and consult note on Ezekiel 43:19; and Deuteronomy 17:2. are gone away = went astray. idols = dirty idols. iniquity. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for the punishment due to it. Reif, ’avah. App-44. Yet. Refers to the portion of service reserved for these Levites. for the People i.e. the Nation. See note on ordinances", Ezekiel 43:18. they shall stand. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 10:8). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 44:15 and Numbers 16:9. caused, &c, = were to the house of Israel for s stumblingblock of iniquity. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. not come near unto Me. This is to be the punishment in the coming future order. a priest. See note on Ezekiel 43:19. most holy place = holy of holies. they shall be clothed, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Exodus 28:42). App-92. within = toward [the house]. bonnets = head = dresses, or turbans. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 39:28). App-92. Compare Ezekiel 24:1. Isaiah 61:10. they. Some codices, with Aramaean, Septuagint, and Vulgate, read and they". with, &c. Hebrew = "with sweat"; sweat being put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), App-6, for that which causes sweat. utter = outer. chambers = storerooms. Hebrew. lishkah. See note on Ezekiel 40:17. Same word as Ezekiel 41:10; but not elsewhere in Ezekiel 41. and they shall. Hebrew text of some codices reads "they shall"; and margin "and shall". Compare Ezekiel 42:14. Neither shall they, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 21:5). App-92. only poll = surely clip. Neither shall any, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 10:9). wine. Hebrew. yayin. See App-27. when, &c. They might do so at other times. Neither shall they, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 21:14). App-92. And they shall teach, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 10:11). App-92. profane = common. them. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "men". And in controversy, do. Ref to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 17:9). App-92. controverey = strife. assemblies = appointed seasons. they shall hallow, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:30), And they shall come, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 21:1). App-92. person = human being. Hebrew ’adam. App-14. for brother. Some codices. with one early printed edition, read "or for", completing the Figure of speech Paradiastole (App-6). And after he is cleansed. seven days. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 6:10, "on the eighth day "). App-92. in the day. See App-18. sin offering. App-43. I am their inheritance. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 18:20. Deuteronomy 10:9; Deuteronomy 18:1, Deuteronomy 18:2). App-92. every dedicated thing, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 18:14. A verbal reference. App-92. first of all, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 13:2; Exodus 22:29, Exodus 22:30; Exodus 23:19. Numbers 3:13; Numbers 18:12, Numbers 18:13). oblation = heave offering. Hebrew. terumah. See note on Exodus 29:27. The word is often repeated here. See Ezekiel 45:6, Ezekiel 45:7, Ezekiel 45:13, Ezekiel 45:16; Ezekiel 48:8-10, Ezekiel 48:12, Ezekiel 48:18, Ezekiel 48:20, Ezekiel 48:21. the first of your dough. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 15:20). dead of itself, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 22:8). offer = heave up, See next note. oblation = a heave offering. See note on Ezekiel 44:30. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4. Ih holy. See note on Exodus 3:5. ten. The Septuagint reads twenty. Compare Numbers 35:2. Joshua 21:2. for the sanctuary : i.e. the outer court (Ezekiel 42:15-20). cubits. See App-51. suburbs = void ground outside the outer court, to prevent contact. five and twenty thousand = about sixty or seventy miles, according to the length of the cubit. most holy place = holy of holies. shall be = it [shall be]. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. with ’eth = Jehovah Himself. App-4.I. for = as. for twenty chambers: or, of cities to dwell in. the whole house of Israel. Compare Ezekiel 48:19. before = in front of. Thus saith, &c. See note on Ezekiel 44:9. the Lord GOD. Hebrew. Adonai Jehovah. See note on Ezekiel 2:4, and. Some codices, with five early printed editions, omit this "and". exactions = evictions. saith the Lord GOD = [is] Adonai Jehovah’s oracle. Ye shall have, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:36). ephah. See App-51., bath. See App-51. the tenth part. See the next note. homer. Hebrew. chomer: not to be confounded with ’omer. The former contained ten ephahs; the latter was one-tenth of an ephah. Compare Exodus 16:16. And the shekel, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 30:13, Leviticus 27:25. Numbers 3:47). App-92. shekel. See App-51. gerahs. See App-51. maneh. See App-51. offer = offer up. cor. See App-51. fat pastures = well = watered land (Singular.) Compare Genesis 13:10. meat offering = gift offering. See App-43. burnt offering. See App-43. peace offerings. See App-43. to make reconciliation. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 1:4). The same expression. App-92. reconciliation = atonement. All the People of the land shall give this = All the People of the land shall be for, &c. The People will not offer individually. The prince will make the national offering for the People or nation as a whole. See note an "ordinances", Ezekiel 43:18. There is no Hebrew for "give" here. And it shall be the prince’s part = But on the prince himself shall rest, &c. in all. Some codices, with one early printed edition (Rabbinic), Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "and in all", thus completing the Figure of speech Polysyndeton (App-6). solemnities = appointed seasons. he. The emphasis is thus marked, sin offering. See App-43. for the house of Israel. The People will thus offer through the prince. They are summed up in him. In the first month, in the first day of the month. See note on Genesis 8:13. bullock. Reil to Pentateuch (Exodus 29:1-14). App-92. settle = ledge. See note on Ezekiel 43:14. month. The Septuagint adds "on the first day of the month". for every one, &c. They do not offer themselves. The sacrifices here are national, not individual. See note on Ezekiel 45:17 above, and on "ordinances", Ezekiel 43:18. simple = artless, undesigning. reconcile = make atonement for. In the first month, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 12:19). App-92. This is the Feast of the Passover. for all the People. The People will not do it by families as heretofore, but the prince does it for the whole nation. See notes on verses: Ezekiel 45:17, Ezekiel 45:20, above, and Ezekiel 43:18. hin. See App-61.