VI.—
Character and Influence of
Jerome.
This Introduction must be concluded with a few words on
the character and influence of Jerome, which are taken from the article
upon him in the
Dictionary of Christian Biography
. He was vain
and unable to bear rivals, extremely sensitive as to the estimation in
which he was held by his contemporaries, and especially by the Bishops;
passionate and resentful, but at times becoming suddenly placable;
scornful and violent in controversy; kind to the weak and the poor;
respectful in his dealings with women; entirely without avarice;
extraordinarily diligent in work, and nobly tenacious of the main
objects to which he devoted his life. There was, however, something of
monkish cowardice in his asceticism, and his influence was not felt by
the strong.
His influence grew through his life and increased after
his death. If we may use a scriptural phrase which has sometimes been
applied to such influence, “He lived and reigned for a thousand
years.” His writings contain the whole spirit of the Church of
the Middle Ages, its monasticism, its contrast of sacred things with
profane, its credulity and superstition, its value for relics, its
subjection to hierarchical authority, its dread of heresy, its passion
for pilgrimages. To the society which was thus in a great measure
formed by him, his Bible was the greatest boon which could have been
given. But he founded no school and had no inspiring power; there was
no courage or width of view in his spiritual legacy such as could break
through the fatal circle of bondage to received authority which was
closing round mankind. As Thierry says in the last words of his work on
St. Jerome, “There is no continuation of his work; a few more
letters of Augustin and Paulinus, and night falls over the
West.”