Chapter 35 .—The Science of
Definition is Not False, Though It May Be Applied to
Falsities.
53. Again, the science of
definition, of division, and of partition, although it is
frequently applied to falsities, is not itself false, nor framed by
man’s device, but is evolved from the reason of things. For
although poets have applied it to their fictions, and false
philosophers, or even heretics—that is, false Christians—to
their erroneous doctrines, that is no reason why it should be
false, for example, that neither in definition, nor in division,
nor in partition, is anything to be included that does not pertain
to the matter in hand, nor anything to be omitted that does. This
is true, even though the things to be defined or divided are not
true. For even falsehood itself is defined when we say that
falsehood is the declaration of a state of things which is not as
we declare it to be; and this definition is true, although
falsehood itself cannot be true. We can also divide it, saying
that there are two kinds of falsehood, one in regard to things that
cannot be true at all, the other in regard to things that are not,
though it is possible they might be, true. For example, the man
who says that seven and three are eleven, says what cannot be true
under any circumstances; but he who says that it rained on the
kalends of January, although perhaps the fact is not so, says what
posssibly might have been. The definition and division,
therefore, of what is false may be perfectly true, although what is
false cannot, of course, itself be true.