214
Chapter XXV.—Of Christ’s Subsequent Manifestations of Himself to the Disciples, and
of the Question Whether a Thorough Harmony Can Be Established Between the Different
Narratives When the Notices Given by the Four Several Evangelists, as Well as Those
Presented by the Apostle Paul and in the Acts of the Apostles, are Compared Together.
70. We must take up the consideration of the manner in which the Lord showed Himself
to the disciples after His resurrection, and that with the view not only of bringing out clearly
the consistency of the four evangelists with each other on these subjects, but also of exhibiting
their agreement with the Apostle Paul, who discourses of the theme in his First Epistle to
the Corinthians. The statement by the latter runs in the following terms: “For I delivered
unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according
to the Scriptures; and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according
to the Scriptures; and that He was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:1518 after that He was
seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this day,
but some are fallen asleep. After that, He was seen of James; then of all the apostles. And
last of all He was seen of me also, as of one born out of due time.”1519 Now this succession
of the appearances is one which has been given by none of the evangelists. Hence we must
examine whether the order which they have put on record does not stand in antagonism to
this. For neither has Paul related all, nor have the evangelists included everything in their
reports. And the real subject for our investigation, therefore, is the question, whether, among
the incidents which do come under our notice in these various narratives, there is anything
fitted to establish a discrepancy between the writers. Now Luke is the only one among the
four evangelists who omits to tell us how the Lord was seen by the women, and confines his
statement to the appearance of the angels. Matthew, again, informs us that He met them as
they were returning from the sepulchre. Mark likewise mentions that He appeared first to
Mary Magdalene; as also does John. Only Mark does not state how He manifested Himself
to her, while John does give us an explanation of that. Moreover, Luke not only passes by
in silence the fact that He showed Himself to the women, as I have already remarked, but
also reports that two disciples, one of whom was Cleophas, talked with Him, before they
recognised Him, in a strain which seems to imply that the women had related no other ap-
pearance seen by them than that of the angels who told them that He was alive. For Luke’s
narrative proceeds thus: “And, behold, two of them went that same day to a village called
Emmaus, which was from Jerusalem about threescore furlongs. And they talked together
of all these things which had happened. And it came to pass that, while they communed
together and reasoned, Jesus Himself drew near, and went with them. But their eyes were
holden, that they should not know Him. And He said unto them, What manner of commu-
1518 Some editions read undecim = the eleven.
1519 1 Cor. xv. 3–8.
Of Christ’s Subsequent Manifestations of Himself to the Disciples, and of the Question Whether a Thorough Harmony Can Be Established Between the Different Narratives When the Notices Given by the Four Several Evangelists, as Well as Those Presented by the Apostle Paul and in the Acts of the Apostles, are Compared Together.
481
Of Christ’s Subsequent Manifestations of Himself to the Disciples, and of…