It is important to observe how S. Cyril in this
and the following sections associates the people with the Priest, using
throughout the Plural “We.” That this is intentional
and significant, we may learn from a passage of S. Chrysostom In Epist. II. ad
Cor. Homil. xviii. § 3. which is so interesting that we may be
allowed to translate it at length: “Sometimes moreover no
difference is made between the Priest and those over whom he presides,
as for example when we are to partake of the awful mysteries; for we
are all alike deemed worthy of the same privileges: not as in the
Old Covenant some parts were eaten by the Priest, and others by the
governed (ὁ ἀρχόμενος),
and it was not lawful for the people to share in what the Priest
partook of. It is not so now: but one Body is set before
all, and one Cup. And in the prayers also one may see the laity
contributing much. For the prayers on behalf of the Energumens,
and on behalf of those in Penitence are offered in common both by the
Priest and by themselves; and all say one prayer, a prayer that is full
of compassion. Again, after we have excluded from the sacred
precincts those who are unable to partake of the Holy Table, there is
another prayer to be made, and we all alike lie prostrate on the floor,
and all alike rise up. When again we are to receive and give a
kiss of peace, we all alike embrace each other. Again even amid
the most tremendous Mysteries the Priest prays over the people, and the
people over the Priest: for the formula, “With Thy
Spirit,” is nothing else than this. The words of the
Thanksgiving again are common: for he does not give thanks alone,
but also the whole people. For having first got their answer, and
they agreeing that ‘It is meet and right so to do,’ he then
begins the thanksgiving. And why wonder that the people sometimes
speak with the Priest, when even with the very Cherubim and the Powers
on high they send up those sacred hymns in common. Now all this I
have said in order that each of the common people (τῶν
ἀρχομένων) also
may be vigilant, that we may learn that we are all one Body, having
only as much difference between one and another, as between members and
members, and may not cast the whole work upon the Priests, but
ourselves also care for the whole Church even as for a common
Body.”