On
Admonition and Repentance.
1. Not of compulsion is the doctrine; of free-will
is the word of life. Whoso is willing to hear the doctrine, let
him cleanse the field of his will that the good seed fall not among the
thorns of vain enquirings. If thou wouldst heed the word of life,
cut thyself off from evil things; the hearing of the word profits
nothing to the man that is busied with sins. If thou willest to
be good, love not dissolute customs. First of all, trust in God,
and then hearken thou to His law.
2. Thou canst not hear His words, while thou dost
not know thyself; and if thou keepest His judgments while thy
understanding is aloof from Him, who will give thee thy reward?
Who will keep for thee thy recompense? Thou wast baptised in His
Name; confess His Name! In the Persons and in the naming, Father
and Son and Holy Spirit, three Names and Persons, these three shall be
a wall to thee, against divisions and wranglings. Doubt not thou
of the truth, lest thou perish through the truth. Thou wast
baptised from the water; thou hast put on Christ in His naming; the
seat of the Lord is on thy person and His stamp on thy forehead.
See that thou become not another’s, for other Lord hast thou
none. One is He Who formed us in His mercy; one is He Who
redeemed us on His cross. He it is Who guides our life; He it is
Who has power over our feebleness; He it is Who brings to pass our
Resurrection. He rewards us according to our works. Blessed
is he that confesses Him, and hears and keeps His commandments!
Thou, O man, art a son of God Who is high over all. See that thou
vex not by thy works the Father Who is good and gracious.
3. If thou art wroth against thy neighbour, thou
art wroth against God; and if thou bearest anger in thy heart, against
thy Lord is thy boldness uplifted. If in envy thou rebukest,
wicked is all thy reproof. But if charity dwell in thee, thou
hast on earth no enemy. And if thou art a true son of peace, thou
wilt stir up wrath in no man. If thou art just and upright, thou
wilt not do wrong to thy fellow. And if thou lovest to be angry,
be angry with the wicked and it will become thee; if to wage war thou
seekest, lo! Satan is thy adversary; if thou desirest to revile,
against the demons display thy curses. If thou shouldst insult
the King’s image, thou shalt pay the penalty of murder; and if
thou revilest a man, thou revilest the image of God. Do honour to
thy neighbour, and lo! thou hast honoured God. But if thou
wouldst dishonour Him, in wrath assail thy neighbour!
4.
This is the first
Commandment,—Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart
and thy soul, and with thy might
according as thou art able.
The sign that thou lovest God, is this, that thou lovest thy fellow;
and if thou hatest thy fellow, thy hatred is towards God. For it
is blasphemy if thou
prayest
before God while thou art wroth. For thy heart also convicts
thee, that in vain thou multipliest words: thy conscience rightly
judges that in thy prayers thou profitest nought. Christ as He
hung on the height of the tree, interceded for His murderers; and thou
(who art) dust, son of the clay, rage fills thee at its will.
Thou keepest anger against thy brother; and dost thou yet dare to
pray? Even he that stands on thy side, though he be not neighbour
to thy sins, the taint of iniquity reaches unto him, and his petition
is not heard. Leave off rage and then pray; and unless thou
wouldst further provoke, restrain anger and so shalt thou
supplicate. And if he (the other) is not to encounter thee in
fury, banish rage from that body, because it is holden with lusts.
5. Thou hast a spiritual nature; the soul is the image of the Creator; honour the image of God, by being in
agreement with all men. Remember death, and be not angry, that
thy peace be not of constraint. As long as thy life remains to
thee, cleanse thy soul from wrath; for if it should go to Sheol with
thee, thy road will be straight to Gehenna. Keep not anger in thy
heart; hold not fury in thy soul; thou hast not power over thy soul,
save to do that which is good. Thou art bought with the blood of
God;
621
thou art redeemed by the passion of Christ; for thy sake He suffered death, that thou mightest die to thy
sins. His face endured spitting, that thou mightest not shrink
from scorn. Vinegar and gall did He drink, that thou mightest be
set apart from wrath. He received stripes on His body, that thou
mightest not fear suffering. If thou art in truth His servant,
fear thy holy Lord; if thou art His true disciple, walk in thy
Master’s footsteps. Endure scorn from thy brother, that
thou mayest be the companion of Christ. Display not anger against
man, that thou be not set apart from thy Redeemer.
6. Thou art a man, the dust of the earth, clay,
kinsman of the clod; thou art the son of the race of beasts. If
thou knowest not thy honour; separate thy soul from animals, by works
and not by words. If thou lovest derision, thou art altogether as
Satan; and if thou mockest at thy fellow, thou art the mouth of the
Devil; if against defects and flaws, in (injurious) names thou
delightest, Satan is not in creation but his place thou hast seized by
force. Get thee far, O man, from this; for it is altogether
hurtful; and if thou desirest to live well, sit not with the scorner,
lest thou become the partner of his sin and of his punishment.
Hate mockery which is altogether (the cause of weeping), and mirth
which is (the cause of) cleansing. And if thou shouldst hear a
mocker by chance, when thou art not desiring it, sign thyself with the
cross of light, and hasten from thence like an antelope. Where
Satan lodges, Christ will in nowise dwell; a spacious dwelling for
Satan is the man that mocks at his neighbour; a palace of the Enemy is
the heart of the mocker. Satan does not desire to add any other
evil to it. Mockery is sufficient for him to supply the place of
all. Neither his belly nor yet his purse can (the sinner) fill
with that sin of his. By his laughter is the wretch despoiled,
and he knows not nor does he perceive it. For his wound, there is
no cure; for his sickness, there is no healing; his pain, admits no
remedy; and his sore, endures no medicine. I desire not with such
a one to put forth my tongue to reprove him: enough for him is
his own shame; sufficient for him is his boldness. Blessed is he
that has not heard him; and blessed is he that has not known him.
Be it far from thee, O Church, that he should enter thee, that evil
leaven of Satan!
7. Narrow is the way of life, and broad the way of torment; prayer is able to bring a man to the house of the
kingdom. This is the perfect work; prayer that is pure from
iniquity. The righteousness of man is as nothing accounted.
The work of men, what is it? His labour is altogether
vanity.
622
Of Thee, O Lord, of Thy grace it is that in our nature we should become good. Of Thee is righteousness,
that we from men should become righteous. Of Thee is the mercy
and favour, that we from the dust should become Thy image. Give
power to our will, that we be not sunk in sin! Pour into our
heart memory, that at every hour we may know Thy honour! Plant
Thou truth in our minds, that we perish not among doubts! Occupy
our understanding with Thy law, that it wander not in vain
thoughts! Order the motions of our members, that they bring no
hurt upon us! Draw thou near to God, that Satan may flee from
thee. Cast out passions from thy heart, and lo! thou hast put to
flight the enemy. Hate thou sins and wickedness, and Satan at
once will have fled. Whatsoever sins thou servest, thou art
worshipping secret idols. Whatsoever transgressions thou lovest,
thou art serving demons in thy soul. Whensoever thou strivest
with thy brother, Satan abides in peace. Whensoever thou enviest
thy fellow, thou givest rest to Devils. Whensoever thou tellest
the shortcoming of others who are not present, thy tongue has made a
harp for the music of the devil. Whensoever hatred is in thy
soul, great is the peace of the Deceiver. Whensoever thou lovest
incantations, thy labour is altogether of the left hand.
623
If thou lovest unseemly discourse,
thou preparest a feast for demons. For this is the worship of
idols, the working of the lusts (of the flesh).
8. If so be thou givest a gift in pride, this is not of God. If thou art lifted up by reason of thy
knowledge, thou hast denied the grace of God. If thou art poor
and proud, lo! thy end is in thy torment. If thou art haughty and
needy, lo! thy need is toward thy destruction. If thou art sick
and criest out, lo! thy trouble is full of harm. If thou art in
need of food, yet thy mind longs for riches; thy distress is with the
poor, but thy torment with the rich. If thou shalt look
unchastely, and shalt desire thy neighbour’s wife, lo! thy
portion shall be with the adulterers, and thy hell with the
fornicators.
Let thine own fountain be for thyself, and drink
waters from thy well. Let thy fountains be for thyself alone, and
let not another drink with thee
.
624
Require
purity of thy body as thou requirest of thy yoke-fellow. Thou
wouldst not have her commit lewdness, the wife of thy youth, with
another man; commit not thou lewdness with another woman, the wife of a
different husband. Let the defilement of her be hateful in thine
eyes; keep aloof from it altogether. Chastity beseems the wife;
purity is as her adornment; law becomes the husband; justice is the
crown for his head. Desire not thou the bed of thy neighbour lest
another desire thy bed. Preserve purity in thy marriage, that thy
marriage may be holy. His conscience reproves the man, who
corrupts the wife of his neighbour. He fears, and deceives
through terror, whoso has engaged in fornication. Darkness is
dearer to him than light, whose manner of life is not pure. Every
hour he stands in dread, who commits adultery secretly. The
adulterer is also a thief who breaks into houses in darkness. The
very place reproves him, where he does the evil and wickedness.
He enters the chamber and sins; in the darkness he does his will.
The time will come when it shall be disclosed, when his secret deeds
shall be manifested. With what eyes dost thou look towards God in
prayer? What hands dost thou raise when thou askest pardon?
Be ashamed and dismayed for thyself, that thou art void of
understanding. If when thy neighbour see thee, thou art ashamed
and dismayed, how much more shouldst thou be ashamed before God Who
sees all? Thou art like the sow,
625
thy companion, that wallows altogether in mire. Even in seeing, thou
mayest sin, if thy mind is not watchful; and in hearing thou mayest
transgress, if thou dost not guard thy hearing. The
fornicator’s heart waxes wanton through speech that is full of
uncleanness.
The
passion hidden in the mind, sight and hearing awaken it.
9. He puts on garments of shame who desires to
commit fornication, that from the lust of raiment, lewdness may enter
and dwell in his heart. Make thou not snares of thy garments for
that which is openly wanton. Speak not a word in craftiness, nor
dig thy neighbour’s well. Look not after the harlot; be not
snared by the beauty of her face. She is even as the dog that is
mad, yea, much more bold than it. Modesty is removed from her
face, she knows not what shame is. With spitting accept her
person; with reviling meet herself; with a rod pursue her like a dog,
for she is like one, and to be compared with such. Reject the
sweetness of her words lest thou fall into her net. She empties
purses and wallets, and her gains are without number. Flee from
her, for she is the daughter of vipers, that she tear not in pieces thy
whole body.
10. Thou shalt not slander any man, lest they call thee Satan. If thou hatest the name, go not near to the
act; but if thou lovest the act, be not angry at the name. Count
thyself rebuked first of all by the beasts and birds, how that every
kind cleaves to its kind; and so agree thou with thy yokefellow.
Rejoice not in men’s dishonour, that thou become not a Satan
thyself. If evil should happen to him that hates thee, see thou
rejoice not, lest thou sin. If thine adversary should fall, be
thou in pain and mourning. Keep thy heart with all
diligence,
626
that it sin not in secret; for there is to be a laying bare of thoughts and of
actions. Employ thy hands in labour, and let thy heart meditate
in prayer. Love not vain discourse, for discourse that shall be
profitable alike to the soul and the body lightens the burden of thy
labour.
11. Does the poor man cry at thy door? Arise and open for him gladly: refresh him when he is wearied;
sustain his heart, for it is sad. Thou knowest by experience the
affliction of poverty: receive not others in thy house, and drive
not out the beggar. Have thou also a law, a comely law for thy
household. Establish an order that is wise, that the abjects
laugh not at thee. Be careful in all thy doings, that thou be not
a sport for fools; be upright and prudent, and both simple and
wise.
627
Let thy body be quiet and cheerful,
thy greeting seemly and simple; thy discourse without fault, thy speech
brief and savoury; thy words few and sound, full of savour and
understanding. Speak not overmuch, not even words that are
wise;
628
for all things that are over many, though they be wise are wearisome.—To them of thy household be as
a father. Amongst thy brethren esteem thyself least, and inferior
amongst thy fellows, and of little account with all men. With thy
friend keep a secret; to those that love thee be true. See that
there be no wrangling; the secrets of thy friends reveal not, lest all
that hear thee hate thee and esteem thee a mischiefmaker. With
those that hate thee wrangle not, neither face to face nor yet in thy
heart. No enemy shalt thou have but Satan his very self.
Give counsel to the wife thou hast wedded; give heed to her doings; as
stronger thou art answerable that thou shouldst sustain her
weakness. For weak is womankind, and very ready to fall. Be
thou as a hawk, when kindled (to anger), but when wrath departs from
thee, be gladsome and also firm, in the blending of diverse
qualities. Keep silence among the aged; to the elders give due
honour. Honour the priests with diligence, as good stewards of
the household. Give due honour to their degree, and search not
out their doings. In his degree the priest is an angel, but in
his doings a man. By mercy he is made a mediator, between God and
mankind.
12. Search not out the faults of men; reveal not
the sin of thy fellow; the shortcomings of thy neighbours, in speech of
the mouth repeat not. Thou art not judge in
creation, thou hast not dominion over the
earth. If thou lovest righteousness, reprove thy soul and
thyself. Be thou judge unto thine own sins, and chastener of thy
own transgressions. Make thou not inquiry maliciously, into the
misdeeds of men. For if thou doest this, injuries will not be
lacking to thee. Trust not the hearing of the ear, for many are
the deceivers. Vain reports believe thou not, for false rumours
are not few.
13. Regard not spells and divinations, for that is
communion with Satan. Love not idle prating, not even in behalf
of righteousness. Discourse concerning thyself begin thou not,
even in behalf of what is becoming. Flee and hide thyself from
wrangling, as from a violent robber. See that thou be not a
surety in a loan, lest thou sin. According as thou hast, assist
him, (even) the man that is poorer than thou. Mock not the
foolish man; pray that thou be not even as he. Him that sins
blame not, lest thou also be put to confusion. To him that
repents of his sins be a helper and counsellor, and encourage him that
is able to rise. Let him hold fast hope in God, and his sin shall
be burned as stubble. Visit the sick and be not wearied, that
thou mayest be beloved of men. Be familiar with the house of
mourning, but a stranger to the house of feasting. Be not
constant in drinking wine, lest thy shortcomings multiply. Cast a
wall round thy lips, and set a guard upon thy mouth; endure suffering
with thy neighbour and share also in his tribulation. A good
friend in tribulation is made known to him that loves him. In
charity follow the deceased, with sorrow and with offerings, and pray
that he may have rest in the hidden place whither he is going.
14. When thou standest in prayer, cry in thy
soul: Have mercy on me, I am a sinner and weak; be gracious, O
God, to my weakness, and grant strength to me to pray a prayer that
shall be pleasing to Thy Will. “Punish Thou not mine
enemies, take not vengeance on them that hate me; but grant them in Thy
grace that they may become doers of Thy Will.” At the time
of prayer and petition, in contemplations such as these continue
thou. Bow thy head before the Mighty One.
15. Do not thou resist evil, for he is evil from the Evil One, whoso resists evil.
629
Keep not back aught from any man,
that if he perishes thou mayest not be blamed. Change not thy
respect for a man’s person, according to goods and
possessions. Make all things as though they were not and God
alone were in being. If thou shalt ask of thy neighbour and he
shall not give thee according to thy wish, see that thou say not in
anger a word that is full of bitterness. Oppose not thou [fit]
seasons, for many are the changes. Put sorrow far from thy
flesh,
630
and sadness from thy thoughts; save only that for thy sins thou shouldst be constant in sadness. Cease not
from labour, not even though thou be rich, for the slothful man gains
manifold guilt by his idleness.
16. Be thou a lover of poverty, and be desirous of
neediness. If thou hast them both for thy portion, thou art an
inheritor on high. Despise not the voice of the poor and give him
not cause to curse thee. For if he curse whose palate is bitter,
the Lord will hear his petition. If his garments are foul, wash
them in water, which freely is bought. Has a poor man entered
into thy house? God has entered into thy house; God dwells within
thy abode. He, whom thou hast refreshed from his troubles, from
troubles will deliver thee. Hast thou washed the feet of the
stranger? Thou hast washed away the filth of thy sins. Hast
thou prepared a table before him? Behold God eating [at it], and
Christ likewise drinking [at it], and the Holy Spirit resting [on
it]: Is the poor satisfied at thy table and refreshed? Thou
hast satisfied Christ thy Lord. He is ready to be thy rewarder;
in presence of angels and men He will confess thou hast fed His hunger;
He will give thanks unto thee that thou didst give Him drink, and
quench His thirst.
17. O how gracious is the Lord! O how measureless are His
mercies! Happy the race of mortals when God confesses it!
Woe to the soul which He denies! Fire is stored up for its
punishment. Be of good cheer, my son, in hope; sow good
[seed]
631
and faint not. The husbandman sows
in hope, and the merchant journeys in hope, thou also lovest good
[seed]; in the hope look for the reward. Do not thou aught at all
without the beginning of prayer. With the sign of the living
cross, seal all thy doings, my son. Go not forth from the door of
thy house till thou hast signed the cross. Whether in eating or
in drinking, whether in sleeping or in waking, whether in thy house or
on the road, or again in the season of leisure, neglect not this sign;
for there is no guardian like it. It shall be unto thee as a
wall, in the forefront of all thy doings. And teach this to thy
children, that heedfully they be conformed to it.
18. Yoke thyself under the law, that thou mayest
be a freeman in very truth. Work not the desire of thy soul apart
from the law of God. How many commandments must I write, and how
many laws must I engrave; which, if thou desirest thy freedom, thou
canst learn all from thyself? And if thou lovest purity, thou
wilt teach it to others also. Let nature be thy book, and all
creation thy tables; and learn from them the laws, and meditate things
unwritten. The sun in his course teaches thee that thou rest from
labour. The night in her silence cries to thee that a limit is
set to thy works. The earth and the fruit of the tree cry that
there is a season for all things. The seed thou sowest in the
winter, in the summer thou gatherest its harvest. Thus in the
world sow seeds of righteousness, and in the Resurrection gather them
in. The bird in its daily gleaning reproves the covetous and his
greed, and rebukes the extortion that grasps the store of others.
Death, the limit of all things, is itself the reprover of all
things.
19. Take thou refuge in God Who passes not away
nor is changed. Restrain laughter by suffering, and mirthfulness
by sorrow. Console suffering by hope, and sadness by
expectation. Believe and trust, thou that art wise, for God is He
Who guides thee; and if His care leaves thee not, there is nothing that
can harm thee. If one man by another man, the lowly by the great,
can be saved, how much more shall the refuge of God preserve the man
that believes? Fear not because of adversaries who with violence
come upon thee. He will watchfully guard thy soul, and hurtful
things become profitable. No one shall lead thee by compulsion,
save only where there is freedom. No one falls into temptation,
that passes the measure of his strength. There is no evil in
chastisement, if so be that freedom is willing. The doings are
not perverse of freedom, its will is perverted.
20. To men that are just and upright, temptations become helps. Job, a man of discernment, was
victorious in temptations. Sickness came upon him, and he
complained not; disease afflicted him and he murmured not; his body
failed and his strength departed, but his will was not weakened.
He proved perfect in all by sufferings, for as much as temptations
crushed him not. Abraham was a stranger, from his place, his race
[and his kindred]. But by this he was not harmed; nay rather he
triumphed greatly. So Joseph from the house of bondage was made
to rule as king of Egypt. They of the company of Ananias and
Daniel delivered others from bondage. See then, O thou that art
wise, the power that freedom possesses; that nothing can injure it
unless the will is weakened. Israel with sumptuous living waxed
fat, and kicked,
632
and forgot his covenant. He worshipped vain gods, and forgot the nature of his
creation. The bondage that was in Egypt he forgat in the repose
of the desert. As often as he was afflicted, he acknowledged the
Lord alone; but when he was dwelling in repose,
he forgot God his Redeemer. Seek thou not
here repose, for this is a world of toil. And if thou canst
wisely discern, change thou not time for time; that which abides for
that which abides not; that which ceases not for that which ceases; nor
truth for lying; nor body for shadow; nor watching for slumber; nor
that which is in season for that which is out of season; nor the Time
for the times. Collect thy mind, let it not wander among
varieties which profit not.
21. No one in creation is rich but he that fears
God; no one is truly poor but he that lacks the truth. How needy
is he, and not rich, whose need witnesses against him that even from
the abject and the beggars he needs to receive a gift. He is
truly a bondman, and many are his masters: he renders service to
money, to riches, and possessions. His lords are void of mercy,
for they grant him no repose. Flee, and live in poverty; (as) a
mother she pities her beloved. Seek thou refuge in indigence, who
nourishes her children with choice things; her yoke is light and
pleasant, and sweet to the palate her memory. The sick in
conscience alone abhors the draught of poverty; the fainthearted dreads
the yoke of indigence that is honourable. Who has granted to
Thee, Son of man, in the world to find repose? Who has granted to
thee, thing of dust, to be rich amidst poverty? Be not thou
through desires needy and looking to others. Sufficient for thee
is thy daily bread, that comes of the sweat of thy face. Let this
be (the measure of thy need, that which the day gives thee; and if thou
findest for thyself a feast, take of it that which thou needest.
Thou shalt not take in a day (the provision) of days, for the belly
keeps no treasure. Praise and give thanks when thou art
satisfied, that therein thou provoke not the Giver to anger. In
purity strengthen thyself, that thou mayest gain from it profit.
In everything give thanks and praise unto God as the Redeemer, that He
may grant thee by His grace, that we may hear and do His Will.
Thou to whom I have given the counsel of life, be not
thou negligent in it. From that which is other men’s
(doctrine) have I written to thee; see thou despise not their
words. And if I depart before thee, in thy prayer make mention of
me. In every season pray and beseech that our love may continue
true. But as for us, on behalf of these things let us offer up
praise and honour to Father, to Son, and to Holy Spirit, now and for
ever. Amen.
621
Acts xx. 28
.
622
Eccles. i. 3
.
623
I.e.
, such as
fits for a place on Christ’s left hand, at the Judgment.
624
Prov. v. 15–17
.
625
2 Pet. ii. 22
.
626
Prov. iv. 23
.
627
Matt. x. 16
.
628
Matt. x. 16
.
629
Matt. v. 39
.
630
Eccles. xi. 10
.
631
Gal. vi. 9
.
632
Deut. xxxii. 15
.