soldiers. Finally in 1865, he was forced to give up nursing because of his own ill health.
1865 Early in the year, Whitman's friend William O'Connor helped him obtain a position at the
Office of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior. When, on June 30, 1865, the Secretary of the
Interior James Harlan discovered a heavily revised edition of Leaves of Grass in his desk, he fired
Whitman. (This copy, known as the "Blue Book" because of the color of its cover, can be found
in the Oscar Lion Collection, Manuscripts Division, The New York Public Library.) A former
Methodist minister, Harlan found a number of passages indecent and felt they advocated free
love. William O'Connor came to Whitman's defense and managed to have him transferred to the
Attorney General's office. O'Connor then wrote The Good Gray Poet, a pamphlet that defended
Whitman against Harlan's accusations of indecency. He wished to speed Whitman's acceptance
by the general public, which in many ways he did. The sobriquet “Good Gray Poet” stuck.
1865 Drum-Taps was published in the summer.
1865 In October Drum-Taps was republished as Sequel to Drum-Taps, bound with an additional
twenty-four pages which included poems in memory of Abraham Lincoln who had been
assassinated on April 14, 1865.
1867 Whitman published Democracy and a fourth edition of Leaves of Grass .
1868 English edition of Leaves of Grass is published, edited by William Rossetti and entitled
Poems of Walt Whitman . It received warm reviews, including Algernon Charles Swinburne's
praise which likened Whitman to William Blake. Alfred, Lord Tennyson began to correspond with
him, and Anne Gilchrist, the widow of the Blake biographer Alexander Gilchrist, proposed
marriage.
1871 Fifth edition of Leaves of Grass published. Democratic Vistas and Passage to India, two new
works, also published.
1873 Whitman suffered a serious stroke that resulted in lameness and general weakness. Only a
few months earlier his mother had died, an experience he described as the "great dark cloud of
my life." Unable to work after the stroke, he went to Camden, N.J., to live with his brother and
sister-in-law while he recovered (a process which took years), moving into the room in which his
mother had died. Magnifying the period's bleakness for him was a dispute with William O'Connor
that caused their estrangement.
1875 Now able to move around more easily, he spent long periods visiting nearby friends.
1875 On November 17, Whitman attended the reburial of Edgar Allan Poe and the dedication of a
Poe monument in Baltimore. He was the only literary figure to attend.
1876 Democratic Vistas was reissued with additional poems under the title Two Rivulets .
1879 Whitman's health improved enough to allow him to lecture and travel more broadly.
1881 Sixth edition of Leaves of Grass published in November in Boston, MA.
1882 Leaves of Grass is banned in April. When Whitman refused to make required changes,
Osgood & Company halted publication. By June, Whitman had entered into an agreement with
another company, Rees Welsh & Company in Philadelphia, and the book was released in 1882.
Because of the scandal, the reissue sold well.
1882 Rees Welsh also published Specimen Days and Collect .
1883 Dr. Bucke, a Canadian physician and alienist, as well as a friend of Whitman's, published
the first biography of Whitman. (Whitman's in-depth revision of Bucke's Analysis of Poems is
now in the Berg Collection.)
1884 Whitman bought his own house at 328 Mickle Street in Camden, N.J.
1886 He began work on November Boughs, another work of prose and poetry, and continued to
write short pieces for magazines and newspapers to supplement his income.
1888 Suffered another stroke in June, this one severe. Because of paralysis he now required a
male nurse and a wheelchair for mobility. With Horace Traubel's assistance, however, he was
able to complete and publish November Boughs as well as the Complete Poetry & Prose of Walt
Whitman, 1855-1888 .