63. In like manner the Lord Himself also
testifies that we are born again of the Spirit according to grace,
saying: “That which is born of the flesh is flesh, because
it is born of flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit,
because God is Spirit. Marvel not that I said unto you, Ye must
be born again. The Spirit breatheth It has been
thought well in translating this verse to keep the words
“spirit” and “breath” as suiting the argument
of St. Ambrose. But there can be little doubt that the ordinary
translation is the correct one. Bp. Westcott has the following
note: “In Hebrew, Syriac, and Latin the words [for spirit
and wind] are identical, and Wiclif and the Rhemish version keep
“spirit” in both cases, after the Latin. But at
present the retention of one word in both places could only create
confusion, since the separation between the material emblem and the
power which it was used to describe is complete. The use of the
correlative verb (πνεῖ, ch. vi. 18; Rev. vii. 1; Matt. vii.
25, 27; Luke xii. 55; Acts xxvii. 40) and of the word sound
(voice) is quite decisive for the literal use of the noun
(πνεῦμα), and still at the
same time the whole of the phraseology is inspired by the higher
meaning. Perhaps also the unusual word (πνεῦμα, 1 Kings xviii. 45; xix. 11; 2 Kings iii.
17) is employed to suggest
this. The comparison lies between the obvious physical properties
of the wind and the mysterious action of that spiritual influence to
which the name “spirit,” “wind,” was
instinctively applied. The laws of both are practically unknown,
both are unseen, the presence of both is revealed in their
effects.”—Westcott on S. John iii. 8. where He willeth, and thou hearest His
voice, but knowest not whence He cometh or whither He goeth, so is
every one who is born of the Spirit.”