In the second oration Gregory lays down the position
referred to above, that it is impossible for even the most exalted
human reason fully to grasp the Nature of God, though His Existence is
patent to all. We can only, he says, predicate negatives
concerning Him. He gives three reasons for this incapacity.
First to enhance our estimation of this knowledge, when attained
hereafter; secondly to save us from the danger of falling through
pride, like Lucifer, if we attained it prematurely; and thirdly, to
support and sustain us in the trials and conflicts of this life, by the
certainty that its attainment hereafter will be the reward of faithful
service in them. The cause of our present inability is the body
with which our soul is united, the grossness of whose present condition
hinders us from rising to the complete apprehension of the invisible
and immaterial. God, out of compassion for our weakness, has been
pleased to designate Himself in Holy Scripture by various names taken
from material objects, or from moral virtues; but these are only
stepping-stones to the truth, and have indeed been sometimes perverted,
and made a basis for polytheism. It is, however, only natural
that the Divine Essence should be shrouded in Mystery, for the same is
the case with the created essences also.