The next incident recorded in the life of S. Cyril
is his alleged prediction of the failure of Julian’s attempt to
rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem. “The vain and ambitious
mind of Julian,” says Gibbon, “might aspire to restore the
ancient glory of the Temple of Jerusalem. As the Christians were
firmly persuaded that a sentence of everlasting destruction had been
pronounced against the whole fabric of the Mosaic law, the Imperial
sophist would have converted the success of his undertaking into a
specious argument against the faith of prophecy and the truth of
revelation.” Again he writes: “The Christians
entertained a natural and pious expectation, that in this memorable
contest, the honour of religion would be vindicated by some signal
miracle Gibbon, c. xxiii..” That such an expectation may
have been shared by Cyril is not impossible: but there is no
satisfactory evidence that he ventured to foretell any miraculous
interposition. According to the account of Rufinus Hist. i. 37., “lime and cement had been brought, and
all was ready for destroying the old foundations and laying new on the
next day. But Cyril remained undismayed, and after careful
consideration either of what he had read in Daniel’s prophecy
concerning the ‘times,’ or of our Lord’s predictions
in the Gospels, persisted that it was impossible that one stone should
ever there be laid upon another by the Jews.” This account
of Cyril’s expectation, though probable enough in itself, seems
to be little more than a conjecture founded on his statement
(Cat. xv. 15), that “Antichrist will come at the time when
there shall not be left one stone upon another in the Temple of the
Jews.” That doom was not completed in Cyril’s time,
nor did he expect it to be fulfilled until the coming of the Jewish
Antichrist, who was to restore the Temple shortly before the end of the
world. It was impossible for Cyril to see in Julian such an
Antichrist as he has described; and therefore, without any gift or
pretence of prophecy, he might very well express a firm conviction that
the attempted restoration at that time must fail. Though Gibbon
is even more cynical and contemptuous than usual in his examination of
the alleged miracles, he does not attempt to deny the main facts of the
story See Gibbon’s remarks
on the testimony of Ammianus, “a contemporary and a Pagan,”
and on the explanation from natural causes suggested by Michaelis.: with their miraculous character we are
not here concerned, but only with Cyril’s conduct on so
remarkable an occasion.