But the zeal and courage of the new Bishop were
soon tried. The Empress mother Justina was still an Arian, but
had little influence during the life of the Emperor Gratian, who was
much attached to St. Ambrose. After his murder, however,
a.d. 383, his brother Valentinian II., a boy
of only twelve years of age, ascended the throne and was naturally much
under his mother’s influence. Justina led him to support a
demand of the Arians for the use of the Portian basilica, situated
outside the walls of Milan. This being refused, a second
application was made for the large and newer basilica within the
city. Ambrose replied, “The Emperor has his palaces, let
him leave the churches to the Bishop.” Soldiers were sent
to secure the delivery of the basilica, but St. Ambrose with the
faithful occupied the building and remained within, singing psalms and
hymns till the soldiers retired.