5. It appears, indeed, that even before this
world an order of things cf.
Origen, De Principiis, ii. 1, 3. existed of which
our mind can form an idea, but of which we can say nothing, because it
is too lofty a subject for men who are but beginners and are still
babes in knowledge. The birth of the world was preceded by a
condition of things suitable for the exercise of supernatural powers,
outstripping the limits of time, eternal and infinite. The
Creator and Demiurge of the universe perfected His works in it,
spiritual light for the happiness of all who love the Lord,
intellectual and invisible natures, all the orderly
arrangement διακόσμησις. cf. Arist., Met. i. 5, 2. of pure
intelligences who are beyond the reach of our mind and of whom we
cannot even discover the names. They fill the essence of this
invisible world, as Paul teaches us. “For by him were
all things created that are in heaven, and that are in earth,
visible and invisible whether they be thrones or dominions or
principalities or powers”
Col. i. 16. or virtues
or hosts of angels or the dignities of archangels. To this
world at last it was necessary to add a new world, both a school and
training place where the souls of men should be taught and a home
for beings destined to be born and to die. Thus was created,
of a nature analogous to that of this world and the animals and
plants which live thereon, the succession of time, for ever pressing
on and passing away and never stopping in its course. Is not
this the nature of time, where the past is no more, the future does
not exist, and the present escapes before being recognised?
And such also is the nature of the creature which lives in
time,—condemned to grow or to perish without rest and without
certain stability. It is therefore fit that the bodies of
animals and plants, obliged to follow a sort of current, and carried
away by the motion which leads them to birth or to death, should
live in the midst of surroundings whose nature is in accord with
beings subject to change. cf.
Plato, Timæus, § 14, χρόνος δ᾽
οὖν μετ᾽
οὐρανοῦ
γέγονεν ἵνα
ἅμα
γεννηθέντες
ἅμα καὶ
λυθῶσιν, ἄν
ποτε λύσις
τις αὐτῶν
γἰγνηται
καὶ κατὰ τὸ
παρὰδειγμα
τῆς αἰωνἰας
φύσεως ἵν, ὡς
ὁμοιότατος
αὐτῷ κατὰ
δύναμιν
ᾖ Fialon (p. 311)
quotes Cousin’s translation at greater length, and refers also
to Plotinus, Enn. II. vii. 10–12. The parallel
transistoriness of time and things has become the commonplace of
poets. “Immortalia ne speres monet annus et almun
Quæ rapit hora diem.”
Hor.,Carm. iv. 7.
Thus the writer who wisely tells
us of the birth of the Universe does not fail to put these words at
the head of the narrative. “In the beginning God
created;” that is to say, in the beginning of time.
Therefore, if he makes the world appear in the beginning, it is not
a proof that its birth has preceded that of all other things that
were made. He only wishes to tell us that, after the invisible
and intellectual world, the visible world, the world of the senses,
began to exist.