The Arians appear to
have made use of a dilemma: If God begat with will and purpose,
these preceded the begetting, and so ἦν
ποτε ὅτε οὐκ
ἦν, there was a time when the Son was
not: if without will and purpose, then He begat in ignorance and
of necessity. The answer is fully given by Athanasius (c.
Arian. iii. 58–67, pp. 425–431 in this
Series).