Verse 16 Did provoke; that is, instead of regarding the warning, they disobeyed God, and provoked his displeasure. It is probable that the two clauses of this verse, like those of the verses which follow, were intended as interrogative, thus: Who was it that, when they heard, did provoke? was it not all that came out of Egypt by Moses? Thus understood, the verse harmonizes in construction with what follows, and the whole presents the example of the defection and punishment of the Israelites as a very solemn warning.