Chapter 24.—The Reasons by Which
the Pagans Attempt to Defend Their Worshipping Among the Gods the
Divine Gifts Themselves.
We may, however, consider their
reasons. Is it to be believed, say they, that our forefathers
were besotted even to such a degree as not to know that these
things are divine gifts, and not gods? But as they knew that such
things are granted to no one, except by some god freely bestowing
them, they called the gods whose names they did not find out by the
names of those things which they deemed to be given by them;
sometimes slightly altering the name for that purpose, as, for
example, from war they have named Bellona, not
bellum
; from
cradles, Cunina, not
cunæ
; from standing corn, Segetia, not
seges
; from apples, Pomona, not
pomum
; from oxen,
Bubona, not
bos
. Sometimes, again, with no alteration of the
word, just as the things themselves are named, so that the goddess
who gives money is called Pecunia, and money is not thought to be
itself a goddess: so of Virtus, who gives virtue; Honor, who
gives honor; Concordia, who gives concord; Victoria, who gives
victory. So, they say, when Felicitas is called a goddess, what
is meant is not the thing itself which is given, but that deity by
whom felicity is given.