The same attention which Hilary demands from his
readers has obviously been bestowed upon the work by himself. It
is the selected and compressed result not only of his general study of
theology, but of his familiarity with the literature and the many
phases of the great Arian controversy Cf. x. 57
in.. And he
makes it clear that he is engaged in no mere conflict of wit; his
passionate loyalty to the person of Christ is the obvious motive of his
writing. He has taken his side with full conviction, and he is
equally convinced that his opponents have irrevocably taken
theirs. There is little or no reference to the existence or even
the possibility of doubt, no charitable construction for ambiguous
creeds, hardly a word of pleading with those in error All instance is xi.
24 in.. There is no excuse for heresy; it is
mere insanity, when it is not wilful self-destruction or deliberate
blasphemy. The battle is one without quarter; and sometimes, we
must suspect, Hilary has been misled in argument by the uncompromising
character of the conflict. Every reason advanced for a pernicious
belief, he seems to think, must itself be bad, and be met with a direct
negative. And again, in the heat of warfare he is led to press
his arguments too far. Not only is the best and fullest use of
Scripture made—for Hilary, like Athanasius, is marvellously
imbued with its spirit as well as familiar with its letter—but
texts are pressed into his service, and interpreted sometimes with
brilliant ingenuity E.g. in his masterly
treatment, from his point of view, of the Old Testament Theophanies,
iv. 15 f., which cannot bear
the meaning assigned them. Yet much of this exegesis must be laid
to the charge of his time, not of himself; and in the De
Trinitate, as contrasted with the Homilies on the Psalms; he
is wisely sparing in the use of allegorical interpretations. He
remembers that he is refuting enemies, not conversing with
friends. And his belief in their conscious insincerity leads to a
certain hardness of tone. They will escape his conclusions if
they possibly can; he must pin them down. Hence texts are
sometimes treated, and deductions drawn from them, as though they were
postulates of geometry; and, however we may admire the machine-like
precision and completeness of the proof, we feel that we are reading
Euclid rather than literature Cf. viii. 26 f., ix.
41.. But this also
is due to that system of exegesis, fatal to any recognition of the
eloquence and poetry of Scripture, of which something will be said in
the next chapter.