John Chrysostom : "But the Pharisees," it says, "confess both." And yet there are three things: how then does he say both? "Spirit and Angel" is put as one. When he is on their side, then they plead for him. — Homily on Acts 49 John Chrysostom : "For the Sadducees indeed," etc. The Sadducees have no knowledge of anything incorporeal, perhaps not even God; so gross are they: whence neither do they choose to believe that there is a Resurrection. — Homily on Acts 49 Oecumenius : The Sadducees, being arrogant, perhaps do not even know God. Therefore, they do not wish to believe in a resurrection. But the Pharisees confess both. And indeed there are three. How then does he say, "both"? Either because he calls spirit and angel one, or because the word does not speak only of two, which is what "both" chiefly signifies, but also of three. Therefore one ought not from the outside to judge the writings of plain and unschooled fishermen with the exacting judgments of a scholar. [CHRYSOSTOM] — Commentary on Acts Tertullian : Of the Sadducees I am silent, who, springing from the root of this error, had the hardihood to adjoin to this heresy the denial likewise of the resurrection of the flesh. The Pharisees I pretermit, who were "divided" from the Jews by their superimposing of certain additaments to the law, which fact likewise made them worthy of receiving this very name; and, together with them, the Herodians likewise, who said that Herod was Christ. — Pseudo-Tertullian Against All Heresies