350 WORKS OF ST. CHRYSOSTOM. [HOMILY VI.
want of faith does it argue, to suppose that thy
husband or thy son constitutes thy safety, and
not God ! How dost thou not think to provoke
Him? For often on this account He takes
them away, that thou mayest not be so bound
to them, so that it may withdraw thy hopes from
them. For God is jealous, and wills to be loved
by us most of all things : and that, because He
loves us exceedingly. For ye know that this is
the custom of those who love to distraction.
They are excessively jealous, and would choose
rather to throw away their life, than to be sur
passed in esteem by any of their rival lovers.
On this account also God hath taken him,
because of these words.
1
For, tell me, on what account were there not
in old times widowhoods, and untimely orphan
hoods ? Wherefore did He permit Abraham and
Isaac to live a long time ? Because even when
he was living he preferred God before him.
He said indeed, slay ; and he slew him. Why
did he bring Sarah to so great an age? Be
cause, even whilst she was living, he listened to
God rather than to her. For this reason God
said to him,
"
Hear Sarah thy wife." (From
Gen. xxi. 12.) No one then either from love
to husband or wife, or on account of the protec
tion of a child, provoked God to anger. But
now because we are declining downwards, and
have exceedingly fallen off, we men love our
wives more than God, and we women honor
our husbands more than God. It is on this
account that He draws us even against our will
to the love of Himself. Love not thy husband
more than God, and thou shalt not ever expe
rience widowhood. Or rather, even if it should
happen, thou shalt not have the feeling of it.
Why? Because thou hast an immortal Protec
tor who loves thee better. If thou lovest God
more, mourn not : for He who is more beloved
is immortal, and does not suffer thee to feel the
loss of him who is less beloved. This I will
make manifest to thee by an example. Tell
me, if thou hast a husband, complying with thee
in all things, one that is respected, and that
makes thee honorable everywhere, and not to
be despised, one respected amongst all, intelli
gent and wise, and loving thee, thou being
esteemed happy on his account, and in conjunc
tion with him shouldest thou also bring forth a
child, and then before it has arrived at the age
of maturity, that child should depart ; wilt thou
then feel the affliction? By no means. For
he that is more beloved makes it disappear.
And now if thou love God more than thy hus
band, assuredly He will not soon take him away.
But even if He should take him, thou wilt not
be sensible of the affliction. For this reason
the blessed Job felt no severe suffering, when
1
i.e.
"
because you say such things about him."
he heard of the death of his children all at once,
because he loved God more than them. And
whilst He whom he loved was living, those
things would not be able to afflict him.
What sayest thou, O woman? Thy husband
or thy son was thy protector? But does not
thy God spare thee? \Vho gave thee t thy
very husband? Was it not He? And who
made thee? Was it not He? He surely who
brought thee out of nothing into being, and
breathed into thee a soul, and put in thee a
mind, and vouchsafed to favor thee with the
knowledge of Himself, and for thy sake spared
not His only-begotten Son, does not He spare
thee? And does thy fellow-servant spare thee?
What wrath is due to these words ! What of
this kind hast thou had from thy husband?
Thou canst not say anything. For if he has
even done thee any kindness, it was after he
had received kindness, you having previously
begun. But in the case of God no one can
say any such thing. For it is not as having
received any favors from us that God benefits
us, but being incapable of want, from His good
ness alone He does good to mankind. He has
promised thee a kingdom, He has given immor
tal life, glory, brotherhood, adoption. He has
made thee fellow-heir with His Only-Begotten.
And dost thou after so great benefits remember
thy husband? What has he bestowed of this
kind? He has made His sun to shine, He has
given rain, He sustains thee with yearly nourish
ment. Woe to us for our great ingratitude !
For this reason He takes thy husband, that
thou mayest not seek him. But dost thou still
cling to him though departed, and forsakest God,
when it was thy duty to give thanks, to cast it
all upon Him? For what is it that thou hast
received from thy husband ? The pains of child
birth, and labors, and insults and reproaches
often, and chidings, and bursts of anger. Are
not these the things that come from husbands ?
But there are, you say, other things too that are
good. Of what sort then are these? Did he
set off thy beauty with costly garments? Did
he put gold ornaments about thy face? Did
he make thee respected by all? But if thou
wilt, thou shalt adorn thyself with a much
better ornament than the departed. For grav
ity makes its possessor much more admirable
than golden ornaments. This King also has
garments, not of this sort, but much better.
With those, if thou wilt, invest thyself. Of
what sort then are they? There is a clothing
which has fringes of gold ; if thou wilt, array
the soul. But did he make thee not to be
despised by men? And what is there great
in that ? Thy widowhood suffers thee not to be
despised by the demons. Then thou ruledst
over thy servants, if at least thou didst at all