Swear not at all] James 5. 12. In your ordinary communication, wherein God doth not allow you to swear: as the sixth commandment doth not forbid all killing, but killing where God allows it not. neither by heaven, for it is Gods throne] Isi. 66. 1. Heaven, earth, Hierusalem, thy head, are not God, but Gods creatures, therefore swear not by them: or, swear not by them, and not thine; therefore thou canst not pawn heaven, nor earth, nor Hierusalem, no, nor thine own head, on the truth of what thou sayest, for thou hast no power over them: and they know not the truth of what thou sayest, nor can punish thee for forswearing. Others interpret this whole passage thus: Swear not at all, not onely not by God, but not by any creatures, unlesse thou mean to perform vows, or swear truth: for God will punish perjury, though thou swear not by him, but by his creatures; either by heaven his throne, or by earth his footstool, or by Hierusalem the citie where he is worshipped, or by thine head, which thou hadst all and every hair of it from him: for God thinks himself wronged, when his creatures are called to bear witnesse to a falshood, or engaged for it; and will revenge his wrong in them. Yet this seems rather to belong to chap. 23. 16, &c.