Chapter 4.—The Image of God
is to Be Sought in the Immortality of the Rational Soul. How a
Trinity is Demonstrated in the Mind.
6. Therefore neither is that
trinity an image of God, which is not now, nor is that other an
image of God, which then will not be; but we must find in the soul
of man,
i.e.
,
the rational or intellectual
soul, that image of the Creator which is immortally implanted in
its immortality. For as the immortality itself of the soul is
spoken with a qualification; since the soul too has its proper
death, when it lacks a blessed life, which is to be called the true
life of the soul; but it is therefore called immortal, because it
never ceases to live with some life or other, even when it is most
miserable;—so, although reason or intellect is at one time torpid
in it, at another appears small, and at another great, yet the
human soul is never anything save rational or intellectual; and
hence, if it is made after the image of God in respect to this,
that it is able to use reason and intellect in order to understand
and behold God, then from the moment when that nature so marvellous
and so great began to be, whether this image be so worn out as to
be almost none at all, or whether it be obscure and defaced, or
bright and beautiful, certainly it always is. Further, too, pitying
the defaced condition of its dignity, divine Scripture tells us,
that “although man walks in an image, yet he disquieteth himself
in vain; he heapeth up riches, and cannot tell who shall gather
them.”
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It would not
therefore attribute vanity to the image of God, unless it perceived
it to have been defaced. Yet it sufficiently shows that such
defacing does not extend to the taking away its being an image, by
saying, “Although man walks in an image.” Wherefore in both
ways that sentence can be truly enunciated; in that, as it is said,
“Although man walketh in an image, yet he disquieteth himself in
vain,” so it may be said, “Although man disquieteth himself in
vain, yet he walketh in an image.” For although the nature of the
soul is great, yet it can be corrupted, because it is not the
highest; and although it can be corrupted, because it is not the
highest, yet because it is capable and can be partaker of the
highest nature, it is a great nature. Let us seek, then, in this
image of God a certain trinity of a special kind, with the aid of
Him who Himself made us after His own image. For no otherwise can
we healthfully investigate this subject, or arrive at any result
according to the wisdom which is from Him. But if the reader will
either hold in remembrance and recollect what we have said of the
human soul or mind in former books, and especially in the tenth, or
will carefully re-peruse it in the passages wherein it is
contained, he will not require here any more lengthy discourse
respecting the inquiry into so great a thing.
7. We said, then, among other
things in the tenth book, that the mind of man knows itself. For
the mind knows nothing so much as that which is close to itself;
and nothing is more close to the mind than itself. We adduced also
other evidences, as much as seemed sufficient, whereby this might
be most certainly proved.
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Ps. xxxix. 7