he goes on to show in detail that the vain108 are those who are deceived by things of this
sort; and he calls this which deceives them vanity,—not that God did not create those things,
but because men choose to subject themselves by their sins to those things, which the divine
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law has made subject to them in well-doing. For when you consider things beneath your
self to be admirable and desirable, what is this but to be cheated and misled by unreal goods?
The man, then, who is temperate in such mortal and transient things has his rule of life
confirmed by both Testaments, that he should love none of these things, nor think them
desirable for their own sakes, but should use them as far as is required for the purposes and
duties of life, with the moderation of an employer instead of the ardor of a lover. These re-
marks on temperance are few in proportion to the greatness of the theme, but perhaps too
many in view of the task on hand.
108 Retract. i. 7, § 3: —"I found in many manuscripts the reading, ‘Vanity of the vain.’ But this is not in the
Greek, which has ‘Vanity of vanities.’ This I saw afterwards. And I found that the best Latin manuscripts had
vanities and not vain. But the truths I have drawn from this false reading are self-evident."
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Popular Renown and Inquisitiveness are Condemned in the Sacred Scriptur…