Lev. xvii. 10. It is clear that in the text which Origen or his translator had before him he must have read ψυχή instead of πρόσωπον: otherwise the quotation would be inappropriate (Schnitzer).
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{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p class=\"c005\">1. The order of our arrangement now requires us, after\r\nthe discussion of the preceding subjects, to institute a general\r\ninquiry regarding the soul;<a id=\"r259\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f259\"><sup>[259]</sup></a> and, beginning with points of\r\ninferior importance, to ascend to those that are of greater.\r\nNow, that there are souls<a id=\"r260\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f260\"><sup>[260]</sup></a> in all living things, even in those\r\nwhich live in the waters, is, I suppose, doubted by no one.\r\nFor the general opinion of all men maintains this; and confirmation\r\nfrom the authority of holy Scripture is added, when\r\nit is said that “God made great whales, and every living\r\ncreature<a id=\"r261\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f261\"><sup>[261]</sup></a> that moveth which the waters brought forth after\r\ntheir kind.”<a id=\"r262\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f262\"><sup>[262]</sup></a> It is confirmed also from the common intelligence\r\nof reason, by those who lay down in certain words a\r\ndefinition of soul. For soul is defined as follows: a substance\r\n<span lang=\"grc\">φανταστικὴ</span> and <span lang=\"grc\">ὁρμητικὴ</span>, which may be rendered into Latin,\r\nalthough not so appropriately, <span lang=\"la\"><i>sensibilis et mobilis</i></span>.<a id=\"r263\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f263\"><sup>[263]</sup></a> This\r\ncertainly may be said appropriately of all living beings, even\r\nof those which abide in the waters; and of winged creatures\r\ntoo, this same definition of <span lang=\"la\"><i>anima</i></span> may be shown to hold good.\r\nScripture also has added its authority to a second opinion,\r\nwhen it says, “Ye shall not eat the blood, because the life<a id=\"r264\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f264\"><sup>[264]</sup></a>\r\nof all flesh is its blood; and ye shall not eat the life with the\r\nflesh;”<a id=\"r265\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f265\"><sup>[265]</sup></a> in which it intimates most clearly that the blood of\r\nevery animal is its life. And if any one now were to ask\r\nhow it can be said with respect to bees, wasps, and ants, and\r\nthose other things which are in the waters, oysters and\r\ncockles, and all others which are without blood, and are most\r\n<span class=\"pageno\" id=\"Page_119\">119</span>clearly shown to be living things, that the “life of all flesh\r\nis the blood,” we must answer, that in living things of that\r\nsort the force which is exerted in other animals by the power\r\nof red blood is exerted in them by that liquid which is within\r\nthem, although it be of a different colour; for colour is a\r\nthing of no importance, provided the substance be endowed\r\nwith life.<a id=\"r266\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f266\"><sup>[266]</sup></a> That beasts of burden or cattle of smaller size\r\nare endowed with souls,<a id=\"r267\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f267\"><sup>[267]</sup></a> there is, by general assent, no doubt\r\nwhatever. The opinion of holy Scripture, however, is manifest,\r\nwhen God says, “Let the earth bring forth the living\r\ncreature after its kind, four-footed beasts, and creeping\r\nthings, and beasts of the earth after their kind.”<a id=\"r268\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f268\"><sup>[268]</sup></a> And now\r\nwith respect to man, although no one entertains any doubt,\r\nor needs to inquire, yet holy Scripture declares that “God\r\nbreathed into his countenance the breath of life, and man became\r\na living soul.”<a id=\"r269\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f269\"><sup>[269]</sup></a> It remains that we inquire respecting\r\nthe angelic order whether they also have souls, or are souls;\r\nand also respecting the other divine and celestial powers, as\r\nwell as those of an opposite kind. We nowhere, indeed, find\r\nany authority in holy Scripture for asserting that either the\r\nangels, or any other divine spirits that are ministers of God,\r\neither possess souls or are called souls, and yet they are felt\r\nby very many persons to be endowed with life. But with\r\nregard to God, we find it written as follows: “And I will\r\nput my soul upon that soul which has eaten blood, and I will\r\nroot him out from among his people;”<a id=\"r270\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f270\"><sup>[270]</sup></a> and also in another\r\npassage, “Your new moons, and sabbaths, and great days, I\r\nwill not accept; your fasts, and holidays, and festal days,\r\nmy soul hateth.”<a id=\"r271\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f271\"><sup>[271]</sup></a> And in the twenty-second Psalm, regarding\r\nChrist—for it is certain, as the Gospel bears witness,\r\nthat this Psalm is spoken of Him—the following words\r\n<span class=\"pageno\" id=\"Page_120\">120</span>occur: “O Lord, be not far from helping me; look to my\r\ndefence: O God, deliver my soul from the sword, and my\r\nbeloved one from the hand of the dog;”<a id=\"r272\"></a><a class=\"c007 pginternal\" href=\"#f272\"><sup>[272]</sup></a> although there are\r\nalso many other testimonies respecting the soul of Christ\r\nwhen He tabernacled in the flesh.</p>","headings":["The Writings of Origen, Vol. 1 of 2","ORIGEN DE PRINCIPIIS.","BOOK II.","CHAPTER VIII. ON THE SOUL (ANIMA)."],"marker_anchor":null,"paragraph_id":"pg70561-paragraph-165"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"991216dd301fc5884c99efbf8e3b4ba07a05497d066bcab51013771003217437","edition_title":"The writings of Origen, Vol. 1 (of 2)","edition_translators":["Frederick Crombie"],"edition_year":1869,"explicit_reference_candidates":[{"book":"LEV","chapter":17,"kind":"unreviewed","source_notation":"Lev. xvii. 10","verse":10,"verse_end":10}],"headings":[],"id":"pg70561-f270","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Project Gutenberg metadata: Public domain in the USA. 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