§22.
The image cannot represent
the true form of God, else God would be corruptible.
For if the reason of their being thus fashioned
is, that the Deity is of human form, why do they invest it also with
the forms of irrational creatures? Or if the form of it is that of the
latter, why do they embody it also in the images of rational creatures?
Or if it be both at once, and they conceive God to be of the two
combined, namely, that He has the forms both of rational and of
irrational, why do they separate what is joined together, and separate
the images of brutes and of men, instead of always carving it of both
kinds, such as are the fictions in the myths, Scylla, Charybdis, the
Hippocentaur, and the dog-headed Anubis of the Egyptians? For they
ought either to represent them solely of two natures in this way, or,
if they have a single form, not to falsely represent them in the other
as well. 2. And again, if their forms are male, why do they also invest
them with female shapes? Or if they are of the latter, why do they also
falsify their forms as though they were males? Or if again they are a
mixture of both, they ought not to be divided, but both ought to be
combined, and follow the type of the so-called hermaphrodites, so that
their superstition should furnish beholders with a spectacle not only
of impiety and calumny, but of ridicule as well. 2. And generally, if
they conceive the Deity to be corporeal, so that they contrive for it
and represent belly and hands and feet, and neck also, and breasts and
the other organs that go to make man, see to what impiety and
godlessness their mind has come down, to have such ideas of the Deity.
For it follows that it must be capable of all other bodily casualties
as well, of being cut and divided, and even of perishing altogether.
But these and like things are not properties of God,
but rather of earthly bodies. 3. For while God
is incorporeal and incorruptible, and immortal, needing nothing for any
purpose, these are both corruptible, and are shapes of bodies, and need
bodily ministrations, as we said before
137
. For
often we see images which have grown old renewed, and those which time,
or rain, or some or other of the animals of the earth have spoiled,
restored. In which connexion one must condemn their folly, in that they
proclaim as gods things of which they themselves are the makers, and
themselves ask salvation of objects which they themselves adorn with
their arts to preserve them from corruption, and beg that their own
wants may be supplied by beings which they well know need attention
from themselves, and are not ashamed to call lords of heaven and all
the earth creatures whom they shut up in small chambers.
137
Supra
xiii. 3.