Testimonia

{"author":null,"backreferences":[{"context_html":"<p>There was indeed on earth, so long as it was needed, a\r\nsymbol and foreshadowing image of this city, which served\r\nthe purpose of reminding men that such a city was to be,\r\nrather than of making it present; and this image was itself\r\ncalled the holy city, as a symbol of the future city, though\r\nnot itself the reality. Of this city which served as an image,\r\nand of that free city it typified, Paul writes to the Galatians\r\nin these terms: \"Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law,\r\ndo ye not hear the law? For it is written, that Abraham\r\nhad two sons, the one by a bond maid, the other by a free\r\nwoman. But he who was of the bond woman was born after\r\nthe flesh, but he of the free woman was by promise. Which\r\nthings are an allegory:<a id=\"FNanchor_133_133\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_133_133\">[133]</a> for these are the two covenants;\r\nthe one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage,\r\nwhich is Agar. For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and\r\nanswereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with\r\nher children. But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is\r\nthe mother of us all. For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren\r\nthat bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not:\r\nfor the desolate hath many more children than she which hath\r\nan husband. Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children\r\nof promise. But as then he that was born after the\r\nflesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it\r\nis now. Nevertheless, what saith the Scripture? Cast out\r\nthe bond woman and her son: for the son of the bond woman\r\nshall not be heir with the son of the free woman. And\r\nwe, brethren, are not children of the bond woman, but of\r\nthe free, in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free.\"<span class=\"pagenum\"><a id=\"Page_52\">[Pg 52]</a></span><a id=\"FNanchor_134_134\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_134_134\">[134]</a>\r\nThis interpretation of the passage, handed down to us with\r\napostolic authority, shows how we ought to understand the\r\nScriptures of the two covenants—the old and the new. One\r\nportion of the earthly city became an image of the heavenly\r\ncity, not having a significance of its own, but signifying\r\nanother city, and therefore serving, or \"being in bondage.\"\r\nFor it was founded not for its own sake, but to prefigure\r\nanother city; and this shadow of a city was also itself foreshadowed\r\nby another preceding figure. For Sarah's handmaid\r\nAgar, and her son, were an image of this image. And as the\r\nshadows were to pass away when the full light came, Sarah,\r\nthe free woman, who prefigured the free city (which again was\r\nalso prefigured in another way by that shadow of a city Jerusalem),\r\ntherefore said, \"Cast out the bond woman and her son;\r\nfor the son of the bond woman shall not be heir with my\r\nson Isaac,\" or, as the apostle says, \"with the son of the free\r\nwoman.\" In the earthly city, then, we find two things—its\r\nown obvious presence, and its symbolic presentation of the\r\nheavenly city. Now citizens are begotten to the earthly city\r\nby nature vitiated by sin, but to the heavenly city by grace freeing\r\nnature from sin; whence the former are called \"vessels of\r\nwrath,\" the latter \"vessels of mercy.\"<a id=\"FNanchor_135_135\"></a><a class=\"fnanchor pginternal\" href=\"#Footnote_135_135\">[135]</a> And this was typified\r\nin the two sons of Abraham,—Ishmael, the son of Agar the\r\nhandmaid, being born according to the flesh, while Isaac was\r\nborn of the free woman Sarah, according to the promise. Both,\r\nindeed, were of Abraham's seed; but the one was begotten by\r\nnatural law, the other was given by gracious promise. In the\r\none birth, human action is revealed; in the other, a divine\r\nkindness comes to light.</p>","headings":["THE CITY OF GOD.","BOOK FIFTEENTH.","ARGUMENT."],"marker_anchor":null,"paragraph_id":"pg45305-paragraph-99"}],"canonical_references":[],"date_end":null,"date_start":null,"deduplication_fingerprint":"e754df34ad1e2f60b0550151557e2e1983c479d8ffceaa41fffd6a8df01c78ab","edition_title":"The City of God, Volume II","edition_translators":["Marcus Dods","George Wilson (Books XVII-XVIII)"],"edition_year":1871,"explicit_reference_candidates":[],"headings":[],"id":"pg45305-Footnote_133_133","license_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html","public_import_allowed":false,"record_kind":"original-editor-translator-note","review_required":["work and recension attribution","original-work chronology","Bible reference numbering and citation kind","English edition rights and attribution"],"review_status":"needs_review","rights_evidence":"Provider catalog reports public domain in the USA. Original transcription title leaves state T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1871; printed translator allocation retained. Gutenberg credits Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries without an exact scan identifier. Full provider license preserved with acquired original; republication and per-work metadata remain unreviewed.","source_anchor":"Footnote_133_133","source_ebook":45305,"source_html":"<div class=\"footnote\">\n<p><a id=\"Footnote_133_133\"></a><a class=\"pginternal\" href=\"#FNanchor_133_133\"><span class=\"label\">[133]</span></a> Comp. <i>De Trin.</i> xv. c. 15.</p></div>","source_sha256":"7e0ced9e70512f3cf050b53c9d548e36b70d468d875153869f95d8aff5bbb530","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/45305/pg45305-images.html#Footnote_133_133","text_sha256":"7622d096e018ed5abad4b52f2f14dbb233ad94f9908d6cf7960f5b7e7207bc40","verified":false,"work_id":null}

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