VI.
An examination of the kindred of mind to nature: wherein, by way of
digression, is refuted the doctrine of the Anomœans
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.
1. And let no one suppose me to
say that the Deity is in touch with existing things in a manner
resembling human operation, by means of different faculties. For it is
impossible to conceive in the simplicity of the Godhead the varied and
diverse nature of the apprehensive operation: not even in our own case
are the faculties which apprehend things numerous, although we are in
touch with those things which affect our life in many ways by means of
our senses; for there is one faculty, the implanted mind itself, which
passes through each of the organs of sense and grasps the things
beyond: this it is that, by means of the eyes, beholds what is seen;
this it is that, by means of hearing, understands what is said; that is
content with what is to our taste, and turns from what is unpleasant;
that uses the hand for whatever it wills, taking hold or
rejecting
by its means, using the help of the organ for this purpose
precisely as it thinks expedient.
2. If in men, then, even though
the organs formed by nature for purposes of perception may be
different, that which operates and moves by means of all, and uses each
appropriately for the object before it, is one and the same, not
changing its nature by the differences of operations, how could any one
suspect multiplicity of essence in God on the ground of His varied
powers? for “He that made the eye,” as the prophet says,
and “that planted the ear
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,”
stamped on human nature these operations to be as it were significant
characters, with reference to their models in Himself: for He says,
“Let us make man in our image
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.”
3. But what, I would ask,
becomes of the heresy of the Anomœans? what will they say to this
utterance? how will they defend the vanity of their dogma in view of
the words cited? Will they say that it is possible that one image
should be made like to different forms? if the Son is in nature unlike
the Father, how comes it that the likeness He forms of the different
natures is one? for He Who said, “Let us make after our
image,” and by the plural signification revealed the Holy
Trinity, would not, if the archetypes were unlike one another, have
mentioned the image in the singular: for it would be impossible that
there should be one likeness displayed of things which do not agree
with one another: if the natures were different he would assuredly have
begun their images also differently, making the appropriate image for
each: but since the image is one, while the archetype is not one, who
is so far beyond the range of understanding as not to know that the
things which are like the same thing, surely resemble one another?
Therefore He says (the word, it may be, cutting short this wickedness
at the very formation of human life), “Let us make man in our
image, after our likeness.”
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The
Bodleian Latin
ms.
gives:—“That
God has not human limbs, and that the image of the Father and of the
Son is one, against the Eunomians.”
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Ps. xciv. 9
.
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Gen. i. 26
.