But he is the Jew indeed, the true child of Abraham, (who shall be accepted by God,) though he be not so by birth, who in the purity of the heart performs those substantial laws required by God of the Jews, and revealed to them more distinctly than ¹² ordinances, δικαιώματα: see note [b] ch. viii. ¹³ the uncircumcision which is of nature, ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία. ¹⁴ which art by, or, with, or, in the letter, &c. a transgressor of the law? τὸν διὰ γράμματος καὶ περιτομῆς παραβάτην νόμου; ¹⁵ in the visible part, ἐν τῷ φανερῷ. ¹⁶ in the visible part, in the flesh, ἐν τῷ φανερῷ ἐν σαρκί. ¹⁷ in the hidden part, ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ. ¹⁸ from, &c. Caring not how they behave themselves towards other men, honestly or no, whether they injure others or no, unfit for friendships, for leagues, or bargains, who do not well in consort with others, have nothing of trust or kindness or constancy in them, void of all kindness to their nearest friends, Luke xxi. 16, unreconcilable to all against whom they have conceived any malice, men without all bowels of compassion in persecuting of others. [l] without understanding] Ἀσυνέτους, τοὺς ἀσυνειδήτους λέγει ὁ ἀπόστολος, saith Phavorinus, "The apostle means those that have no conscience;" knowledge and conscience, σύνεσις and συνείδησις being all one, and so the want of that is the want of conscience. This, it seems, was the judgment of that learned grammarian of this place, to which, no doubt, he refers by the word ἀπόστολος. Hesychius renders it only ἄφρων, foolish, but so as foolish signifies unreasonable actions, and as ἄνοια, Luke vi. 11, signifies designing malice and mischief against Christ, and as Titus iii. 3. Ἀνόητοι signifies those that were guilty of unreasonable practices. And this according to the use of σύνεσις, which is sometimes the mind, the understanding, Mark xii. 33, with which God is to be loved as well as known; and so the not knowing him thus may be set for the greatest impiety. Of σύνεσις see more in note [e] on 1 Cor. i. [m] covenantbreakers] Ἀσύνθετος, ὁ ἀσύμφωνος, καὶ ταῖς συνθήκαις μὴ ἐμμένων, "not apt to agree with others, one that stands not to pacts, bargains," saith Phavorinus; and so Hesychius, being rightly pointed, ἀσυνθέτους, μὴ ἐμμένοντας ταῖς συνθήκαις, and ἀσυνθετώτατον, ἀπιστότατον, καὶ ἀβεβαιότατον, unfaithful and unconstant.